Cissonius
Cissonius (also Cisonius, Cesonius) was an ancient Celtic god. After Visucius, Cissonius was the most common name associated with Mercury.[citation needed]
Name
The name has been interpreted as meaning 'carriage-driver' (from Gaulish cissum 'carriage'),[1] or as 'dream-bringer' (from cit- attached to Gaulish souno- 'sleep, dream').Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
The forms Cissonius and Cissonia are also attested as personal names.[2]
Cult
Cissonius is attested in the province of Germania Superior (Königshofen, Creutzwald, Hohenburg, Cologne, Heddernheim) as well as in Promontogno, Avenches, Saintes, Besançon, where he is frequently associated with the Roman god Mercury.[3] This widespread pattern of veneration suggests that Cissonius was not a local topographical spirit.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
In one inscription from Promontogno (Switzerland), Cissonus is identified with Matutinus.[3]
Cissonius alone (without Mercury's name) is also mentioned on the Creuzwald dedication, implying that he may have existed as an independent Celtic deity and not simply as an epithet.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
References
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- ^ J.-J. Hatt (1989), Mythes et dieux de la Gaules, I : les grandes divinités masculines, Paris, p.217. Cited in William van Andringa (2002). La religion en Gaule romaine : Piété et politique (Ier-IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. Editions Errance, Paris. pp.135,155. Van Andringa thus summarizes Hatt's conclusions: "Cissonius dériverait du gaulois cissum, voiture." ("Cissonius would be derived from the Gaulish cissum, carriage.")
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Marrone, Giovanella Cresci (1984). Pisarum: le iscrizioni della colonia. Giardini Editori. p. 359.
- ^ a b Nicole Jufer & Thierry Luginbühl. 2001. Les dieux gaulois : répertoire des noms de divinités celtiques connus par l'épigraphie, les textes antiques et la toponymie. Editions Errance, Paris. pp.34-5
Bibliography
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Delamarre, Xavier (2003). Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: Une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental. Errance. ISBN 9782877723695.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Green, Miranda J. (1997). Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend. Thames and Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-27975-5.
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