Cocoseae
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Cocoseae is a tribe of cocosoid palms of the family Arecaceae.[1][2]
Description
The fruit of the Cocoseae is a modified drupe, with a sclerenchymatous epicarp and a highly developed mesocarp, formed mainly by parenchyma . The endocarp is generally sclerenchymatous and protects the seeds from predation and drying. The most obvious synapomorphy of the species of this tribe is the presence, in the endocarp, of three or more "eyes" or pores of germination.[3] According to Thomas C. Whitmore all Cocosoid palms have inflorescences in which the flowers are in triads (sets of three flowers).[4]
Distribution
The Cocoseae are distributed mainly in the Neotropical regions, with two genera endemic to Africa (Jubaeopsis and Elaeis) and Madagascar (Beccariophoenix and Voanioala), respectively.
Phylogeny
A 2016 molecular phylogenomic analysis of the tribe Cocoseae gives the following phylogenetic tree:[5]
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Systematics
The Cocoseae in the sense of Dransfield et al. (2008) are identified as natural relatives (monophylum) in most studies. Their systematic position within the Arecoideae is still unclear. Different studies see them as a sister group of the Reinhardtieae, as a sister group of the group from Reinhardtieae and Roystoneeae, or as a sister group of the Oranieae.[citation needed]
The tribe is divided into three subtribes. All three are monophyletic. Bactridinae and Elaeidinae are sister groups[citation needed]
Genera
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Baker, William J.; Dransfield, John (2016). "Beyond Genera Palmarum: progress and prospects in palm systematics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (2): 207–233. doi:10.1111/boj.12401.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dransfield, John; Uhl, Natalie W.; Asmussen, Conny B.; Baker, William J.; Harley, Madeline M.; Lewis, Carl E. (2008). Genera Palmarum: The Evolution and Classification of Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 978-1-84246-182-2.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gunn BF (Feb 2004). "The Phylogeny of the Cocoeae (Arecaceae) with Emphasis on Cocos nucifera". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 91 (3): 505–522. ISSN 0026-6493.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Heywood Ph.D., Prof. V.H.; et al. (1978). Flowering Plants of the World. New York: Mayflower Books. p. 303. ISBN 0-8317-3400-0.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gunn, Bee Fong (2016). Phylogenomics of the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). Australian National University (PhD thesis).
- ^ Template:Cite iucn
External links
- Page Template:Sister-inline/styles.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Sister project logo". Media related to Script error: No such module "Commons link". at Wikimedia Commons
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