Concavus
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Concavus is an extinct genus of barnacles.[4]
Species
As of 2021[update], WoRMS recognizes the following two species:[4]
- †Concavus concavus (Bronn, 1831)[5][b] — Pliocene–early Pleistocene; Western Europe.[1]
- †Concavus crassostricola Zullo, 1984[6] — Early Miocene; North Carolina and northern Florida.[1]
Taxonomic history
The genus was circumscribed by William A. Newman in 1982. His original list of subgenera and species for the genus was the following:[3]
- Concavus Newman, 1982 genus
- Concavus Newman, 1982 subgenus
- †C. concavus (Bronn, 1831)
- Menesiniella Newman, 1982 subgenus
- C. (M.) aquila Pilsbry, 1916
- C. (M.) regalis Pilsbry, 1916
- Arossia Newman, 1982 subgenus
- C. (A.) panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
- C. (A.) p. panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
- C. (A.) p. eyerdami (Henry, 1960)
- C. (A.) henryae Newman, 1982
- C. (A.) panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
- Concavus Newman, 1982 subgenus
Newman noted there were multiple fossil taxa in this genus, but didn't classify any except for the type species †C. concavus.[3]
In 1992, Victor A. Zullo revised the genus. He created a new subfamily, Concavinae, with Tamiosoma Conrad, 1856 (the senior synonym of Menesiniella according to Zullo[c]), Arossia and Concavus among its genera. With his revision, Concavus only consists of the two species C. concavus and C. crassostricola.[1]
Fossil records
This genus is known in the fossil records from the Oligocene to the Quaternary (age range: from 28.4 to 0.012 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata of United States, Italy, Mexico, Morocco, Algeria, France, Haiti, Madagascar, Panama, Colombia and Slovenia.[7]
Notes
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- ^ Urszula Radwańska and Andrzej Radwański argue this species's author citation should be Darwin, 1854.[2]
- ^ Urszula Radwańska and Andrzej Radwański argue this species's author citation should be Darwin, 1854.[2]
- ^ As of 2017[update], WoRMS recognizes both Tamiosoma and Menesiniella as valid, distinct genera.
References
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- ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zullo, Victor A. (1992). "Revision of the Balanid Barnacle Genus Concavus Newman, 1982, with the Description of a New Subfamily, Two New Genera, and Eight New Species". Memoir (The Paleontological Society). 27: 1–46. JSTOR 1315604.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Radwańska, Urszula; Radwański, Andrzej (2008). "Eco-taphonomy of mass-aggregated giant balanids Concavus (Concavus) concavus (Darwin, 1854) from the Lower Pliocene (Zanclean) of Rafina near Pikermi (Attica, Greece)". Acta Geologica Polonica. 58 (1): 93–94.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Newman, William A. (1982). "A Review of Extant Taxa of the "Group of Balanus concavus" (Cirripedia, Thoracica) and a Proposal for Genus-Group Ranks". Crustaceana. 43 (1): 25–36. doi:10.1163/156854082X00056. JSTOR 20103743.
- ^ a b c Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bronn, Heinr. G. (1831). Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlüsse. Heidelberg: Karl Gross. p. 127.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zullo, Victor A. (1984). "New Genera and Species of Balanoid Barnacles from the Oligocene and Miocene of North Carolina". Journal of Paleontology. 58 (5): 1328–1330. JSTOR 1304855.
- ^ Fossilworks
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