Contulmo
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Contulmo | |
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| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Map of the Contulmo commune in the Biobío Region | |
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| Country | Chile |
| Region | Biobío Region |
| Province | Arauco Province |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipality |
| • Alcalde | Eduardo Aguayo Thiele (UDI) |
| Area | |
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| Elevation | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
| Population (2012 Census)[3] | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population (2012 Census)[3] | |
• Total | Template:Fix comma category |
| • Density | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
| • Urban | Template:Fix comma category |
| • Urban density | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
| • Rural | Template:Fix comma category |
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| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Sex | |
| • Men | 3,020 |
| • Women | 2,818 |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (CLT[4]) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-3 (CLST[5]) |
| Template:Pluralize from text | country 56 + city 41Template:Pluralize from text |
| Website | Municipality of Contulmo |
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Contulmo (Mapudungun: "place of transit") Script error: No such module "IPA". is a Chilean town and commune in Arauco Province, Biobío Region. Colonized by Germans of Berlin since 1884.
History
In December 1612, a group made up of three religious Jesuit missionaries and five Mapuche leaders were murdered by a fit of rage by the Mapuche leader Anganamón, from a nearby community, who wanted back some of his wives who had escaped from him. This event marked the end of the so-called "Defensive War", a military strategy of the Spanish Empire against the Mapuches in those territories during the Arauco War.[6]
In 1884, a group of 48 Protestant German families arrived from Berlin and its surroundings, in the former Kingdom of Prussia. The German missionary ordained Methodist pastor in the United States but with a Lutheran training from his childhood and youth, Oskar von Barchwitz-Krauser, held conferences in the German capital to gather people who wanted to emigrate to the historic region of Araucanía, in Southern Chile, to found a community governed by Christian principles. The colonizers left from Berlin to Hamburg to embark to Liverpool, where after making a stop in Rio de Janeiro, they crossed the Strait of Magellan to reach the Chilean port of Talcahuano in April 1884.[7] The urbanization tasks were difficult, in an area in the middle of the Coastal mountain range and with dense swamps and wooded vegetation. The first elected mayor of the commune of Contulmo was the German naturalized Chilean Paul Kortwich in 1918.[8]
Geography
Contulmo spans an area of 961.5 km2 (371 sq mi)[3] It is bordered by the commune of Cañete to the north and northwest, Tirúa to the southwest, Purén to the east and Lumaco to the southeast.
The commune includes part of the lakes Lanalhue and Lleulleu. The town of Contulmo is surrounded by mountains and hills of the Nahuelbuta Range.
Demographics
According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Contulmo has 5,838 inhabitants (3,020 men and 2,818 women). Of these, 2,442 (41.8%) lived in urban areas and 3,396 (58.2%) in rural areas. The population fell by 13.3% (898 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[3]
Culture
- Main articles: German Chileans and German colonization of Valdivia, Osorno and Llanquihue
In architecture and urban design the town shows the German colonization. Every year in April is celebrated the "Fest der Kolonisten" which means "feast of the colonists" in German, and in December is the "Feast of the White Strawberry", among other festivities.
Administration
As a commune, Contulmo is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The 2016-2020 alcalde is Mauricio Lebrecht Sperberg (UDI).[1][2]
Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Contulmo is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Manuel Monsalve (PS) and Iván Norambuena (UDI) as part of the 46th electoral district, together with Lota, Lebu, Arauco, Curanilahue, Los Álamos, Cañete and Tirúa. The commune is represented in the Senate by Victor Pérez Varela (UDI) and Mariano Ruiz-Esquide Jara (PDC) as part of the 13th senatorial constituency (Biobío-Coast).
Climate
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References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Asociación Chilena de Municipalidades" (in español). Retrieved 23 February 2011.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Municipality of Contulmo" (in español). Retrieved 23 February 2011.
- ^ a b c d e Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."National Statistics Institute" (in español). Retrieved 13 December 2010.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Chile Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on 2007-09-11. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Chile Summer Time". WorldTimeZones.org. Archived from the original on 2007-09-11. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Redden, Andrew (10 March 2017). "The Best Laid Plans…: Jesuit Counsel, Peacebuilding, and Disaster on the Chilean Frontier; The Martyrs of Elicura, 1612". Journal of Jesuit Studies. 4 (2): 250–269. doi:10.1163/22141332-00402006. ISSN 2214-1324. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.von Barchwitz-Krauser, Oskar (1885). Six years with William Taylor in South America... Retrieved 30 March 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Breve Historia de Contulmo (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 March 2024.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hajek, Ernst; Castri, Francesco (1975). "Bioclimatografia de Chile" (PDF) (in español). Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 November 2009. Retrieved 27 May 2024.
External links
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