Crinodendron

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Crinodendron is a genus of evergreen shrubs or trees[3] belonging to the family Elaeocarpaceae native to South America.[4] Some are cultivated as ornamentals in Europe and elsewhere. They have narrow, leathery evergreen leaves and pendent bell-shaped flowers in red, pink or white.

Description

File:Crinodendron patagua, Sendero Los Hornos, Hijuelas, Valparaíso, Chile 1.jpg
Crinodendron patagua flowering
File:Crinodendron2.jpg
Crinodendron hookerianum flowering
File:Crinodendron hookerianum Gay flower detail.jpg
Crinodendron hookerianum flower detail

Crinodendron are 2–7 m (6.6–23 ft) tall,[5] evergreen[6][3] trees or shrubs.[5][6]

Taxonomy

It was published by Giovanni Ignazio Molina in 1782[7][2] with Crinodendron patagua Molina as the type species.[2]

Species

It has four species:[8][4]

  1. Crinodendron brasiliense Template:Au
  2. Crinodendron hookerianum Template:Au
  3. Crinodendron patagua Template:Au
  4. Crinodendron tucumanum Template:Au

Etymology

The generic name Crinodendron is composed of two Greek words: krinon, meaning lily,[6][9] in reference to the fragrant, white, lily-like flowers of Crinodendron patagua,[6] and dendron, meaning tree.[9]

Evolution

This genus is most closely related to the Australian Peripentadenia. They appear to descend from a common ancestor that dispersed across the Antarctic land bridge during the Late Cretaceous.[10]

Distribution

It is native to Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, and has been introduced to the Juan Fernández Islands.[4]

Ecology

Pollination

Crinodendron patagua is insect pollinated, Crinodendron hookerianum is hummingbird pollinated,[11][12] and Crinodendron tucumanum is insect pollinated.[12]

Horticulture

In cultivation in temperate areas they require a sheltered location.[13]

References

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  1. ^ Crinodendron Molina. (n.d.-b). Catalogue of Life. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/3VVL
  2. ^ a b c Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-i). Crinodendron Molina. Tropicos. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40016518
  3. ^ a b Schmidt, P. A., Schulz, B. (2023). Fitschen - Gehölzflora: Ein Buch zum Bestimmen der in Mitteleuropa wild wachsenden und angepflanzten Bäume und Sträucher. p. 398. Deutschland: Quelle & Meyer Verlag.
  4. ^ a b c Crinodendron Molina. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:39407-1
  5. ^ a b Sampaio, D.; Teixeira, L.A. Elaeocarpaceae in Flora e Funga do Brasil. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Available at: <https://floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br/FB7444>. Accessed on: 28 Jan. 2025
  6. ^ a b c d Crinodendron. (n.d.). Oregon State University. Retrieved January 28, 2025, from https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/crinodendron
  7. ^ Molina, Giovanni Ignazio (1782). Saggio sulla storia naturale del Chili. p. 179. Boloña: Stamperia di S. Tomaso d'Aquino.
  8. ^ Crinodendron Molina. (n.d.-c). WFO Plant List. Retrieved January 28, 2025, from https://wfoplantlist.org/taxon/wfo-4000009698-2024-12?page=1
  9. ^ a b Crinodendron hookerianum | Landscape Plants | Oregon State University. (n.d.). Retrieved April 11, 2023, from https://landscapeplants.oregonstate.edu/plants/crinodendron-hookerianum
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.van den Ende, Conrad; White, Lloyd T.; van Welzen, Peter C. (2017-04-01). "The existence and break-up of the Antarctic land bridge as indicated by both amphi-Pacific distributions and tectonics". Gondwana Research. 44: 219–227. Bibcode:2017GondR..44..219V. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2016.12.006. ISSN 1342-937X.
  11. ^ Jones, B. & University of Oxford, Department of Plant Sciences. (n.d.). Plant 234 Crinodendron species (Elaeocarpaceae) Lantern trees. Oxford Plants 400. Retrieved January 27, 2025, from https://dps007.plants.ox.ac.uk/bol/plants400/Profiles/cd/Crinodendron
  12. ^ a b Aldridge, J. (2022), Crinodendron from the website Trees and Shrubs Online (treesandshrubsonline.org/articles/crinodendron/). Accessed 2025-01-27.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 978-1405332965.

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