Damanhur
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Damanhur
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| Country |  Egypt |
| Governorate | Beheira |
| Area | |
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| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Template:Pluralize from text | (+20) 45Template:Pluralize from text |
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Damanhur (Template:Langx Script error: No such module "lang"., Script error: No such module "IPA".) is a city in Lower Egypt, and the capital of the Beheira Governorate. It is located 160 km (99 mi) northwest of Cairo, and 70 km (43 mi) ESE of Alexandria, in the middle of the western Nile Delta. Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. Damanhur is a historic city, whose history can be dated back to the Old Kingdom of Egypt.[3] The modern city has also absorbed the ancient villages Shubra al-Jadida (Template:Langx, Template:Langx), Tāmus (Template:Langx), Askanida (Template:Langx) and Chortaso (Template:Langx, Template:Langx).[4][5][6]
Etymology
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| Țemāi en Ḥeru[7] in hieroglyphs |
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| Template:Hiero/era | Era: Template:Hiero/era |
The city's modern Arabic name comes from Coptic p-Timinhor (Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA".), which in turn is derived from Template:Langx, also attested in Aramaic (Template:Langx).[3]
The Greeks called the city Hermopolis Mikra (Template:Langx).[8]
The name of the city suggests that Horus, whom Greeks equated with Apollo, was worshipped as the chief deity. However, the Greek name for the town, Hermopolis Mikra, suggests that Hermes/Thoth was the local god. This discrepancy is possibly due to a misinterpretation that persisted even after the Greeks had gained a better understanding of Egypt.[9]
History
In ancient Egypt, the city was the capital of Lower Egypt's 7th Nome of A-ment. It stood on the banks of a canal which connected the lake Mareotis with the Canopic or most westerly arm of the Nile.[10]
The city attracted the notice of numerous ancient geographers, including Stephanus of Byzantium s. v., Strabo (xvii. p. 802), Ptolemy (iv. 5. § 46), and the author of the Antonine Itinerary (p. 154). It is a Roman Catholic titular see.
It was first made a provincial capital under Fatimid rule in 11th century, and in the Middle Ages it prospered as a caravan town on the post road from Cairo to Alexandria. It was severely damaged in 1302 by an earthquake, but in the late 14th century the Mamluk sultan Barquq restored its fortifications to protect the city from Bedouins.
In 1799, the city revolted against the French, who cruelly crushed the rebels, killing 1,500.
In 1986, the population of Damanhur was 188,939. The richly cultivated Beheira province gives rise to mainly agricultural industries which include cotton ginning, potato processing, and date picking. It also has a market for cotton and rice.
On the 10th of February 2023, six people, including three boys, were killed and at least 20 injured when an apartment building collapsed.[11]
Notable people
Climate
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Being located close to the Nile Delta and the northern coast of Egypt, that give Damanhur a hot desert climate (Köppen: BWh), moderated by blowing winds coming from the Mediterranean Sea, typical to the coast. The city gets average precipitation during winter, and rare rain during other seasons. Hail and frost are not unknown specifically during winter.
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References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Damanhūr (Kism (fully urban), Egypt) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Egypt: Administrative Division (Governorates and Districts) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". citypopulation.de. Retrieved 27 July 2025.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Peust, Carsten. "Die Toponyme vorarabischen Ursprungs im modernen Ägypten" (PDF). p. 33.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Carte geographique de l'Egypte et des pays environnans by Pierre Jacotin". PAThs – Archaeological Atlas of Coptic Literature. 1818.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stefan, Timm (1988). Das christlich-koptische Agypten in arabischer Zeit. pp. 884–885.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."TM Places". www.trismegistos.org. Retrieved 2023-04-03.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wallis Budge, E. A. (1920). An Egyptian hieroglyphic dictionary: with an index of English words, king list and geological list with indexes, list of hieroglyphic characters, coptic and semitic alphabets, etc. Vol II. John Murray. p. 1062.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bernand, A. (2021-12-13). "Hermopolis Mikra: a Pleiades place resource". Pleiades: a gazetteer of past places. R. Talbert, Johan Åhlfeldt, Jeffrey Becker, W. Röllig, Tom Elliott, H. Kopp, DARMC, Sean Gillies, B. Siewert-Mayer, Francis Deblauwe, Eric Kansa. Retrieved 2023-04-03.
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- ^ Champollion, L'Egypte, vol. ii. p. 249
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hendawi, Hamza (2023-02-10). "Three boys among six killed in building collapse north of Cairo". The National. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Appendix I: Meteorological Data" (PDF). Springer. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2024.
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External links
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. "Geographical information on Damanhur, Egypt". Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- https://www.facebook.com/Egy.Dam Official Facebook page for the city
- https://web.archive.org/web/20051107230115/http://www.damanhour.5u.com/en.htm English script
- https://web.archive.org/web/20080321235728/http://www.saeednet.4t.com/ live cam from damanhour
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