David Chilton Phillips

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David Chilton Phillips, Baron Phillips of Ellesmere KBE FRS (7 March 1924 – 23 February 1999)[1] was a British structural biologist and a Fellow of the Royal Society.

Education and early life

David was the son of Charles Harry Phillips, a tailor and Methodist preacher, and his wife, Edith Harriet Finney, a midwife.[2] His mother's father was Samuel Finney, a coal miner, union official and Member of Parliament.[1]

He was born in Ellesmere, Shropshire which gave rise to his title Baron Phillips of Ellesmere. He was educated at Oswestry High School for Boys and then at the University College of South Wales and Monmouth where he studied physics, electrical engineering, and mathematics. His degree was interrupted between 1944 and 1947 for service in the Royal Navy as a radar officer on HMS Illustrious. He returned to Cardiff to complete his degree (BSc in 1948) and then undertook postgraduate studies with Arthur Wilson. He was awarded his PhD in 1951.[citation needed]

Career and research

After a postdoctoral period at the National Research Council in Ottawa (1951–55) he joined the Royal Institution.[3][4] In 1966 he was appointed Professor of Molecular Biophysics in the Department of Zoology at the University of Oxford where he remained until his retirement in 1990. During that time he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) serving as Biological Secretary from 1976 to 1983.

Phillips lead the team which determined in atomic detail the structure of the enzyme lysozyme, which he did in the Davy Faraday Research Laboratories of the Royal Institution in London in 1965. Lysozyme, which was discovered in 1922 by Alexander Fleming,[5] is found in tear drops, nasal mucus, gastric secretions and egg white. Lysozyme exhibits some antibacterial activity so that the discovery of its structure and mode of action were considered primary scientific objectives. David Phillips solved the structure of lysozyme and also explained the mechanism of its action in destroying certain bacteria by a complex application of the technique of X-ray crystallography, a technique to which he had been introduced as a PhD student at the University in Cardiff.

Honours and awards

Phillips was made a Knight Bachelor in the 1979 Birthday Honours,[6] invested as Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) in the 1989 New Year Honours,[7] and created a Life Peer as Baron Phillips of Ellesmere, of Ellesmere in the County of Shropshire on 14 July 1994.[8] In the House of Lords, he chaired the select committee on Science and Technology and he is credited with getting Parliament onto the World Wide Web. In 1994, he was awarded an Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) by the University of Bath.[9]

In 1980 he was invited to deliver a series of Royal Institution Christmas Lecture on The Chicken, the Egg and the Molecules.[10]

Personal life

In 1960 Phillips married Diana Hutchinson.[citation needed] Phillips died of prostate cancer, on 23 February 1999.[11] He was diagnosed in 1988.[12]

References

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  1. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Johnson, L. N. (2000). "David Chilton Phillips, Lord Phillips of Ellesmere, K.B.E. 7 March 1924 -- 23 February 1999: Elected F.R.S. 1967". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 46: 377–401. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1999.0092. S2CID 71220939.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902-198-84-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."David Chilton, Baron Phillips of Ellesmere (1924-1999)". The Royal Institution. Archived from the original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Model of lysozyme". The Royal Institution. Archived from the original on 17 November 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2017.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fleming, A. (1922). "On a Remarkable Bacteriolytic Element Found in Tissues and Secretions". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 93 (653): 306–317. Bibcode:1922RSPSB..93..306F. doi:10.1098/rspb.1922.0023.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 48072"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 18 January 1980. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 51578"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 31 December 1988. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.[Script error: No such module "London Gazette util". "No. 53739"]. The London Gazette (Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".). 20 July 1994. p. Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".. {{cite magazine}}: Check |url= value (help); More than one of |pages= and |page= specified (help)Script error: No such module "London Gazette util".
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Honorary Graduates 1989 to present". University of Bath. Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The chicken, the egg and the molecules". The Royal Institution. December 1980.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."David Chilton Phillips, Baron Phillips of Ellesmere in the County of Shropshire | RCP Museum". history.rcplondon.ac.uk. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Johnson, L. N. (2000). "David Chilton Phillips, Lord Phillips of Ellesmere, K. B. E. 7 March 1924-23 February 1999". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 46: 379–401. ISSN 0080-4606.

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