Denta
Template:Infobox Romanian subdivision Denta (Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Template:Langx; Banat Bulgarian: Dénta) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Breștea, Denta (commune seat), Rovinița Mare and Rovinița Mică.
Geography
Denta is located in the southwest of Timiș County, about 40 km (25 mi) south of Timișoara and 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Deta, the nearest town.[1] It is crossed by the river Bârzava, canalized from Denta to Serbia.
History
Denta was first mentioned in 1322 (Dench), when it belonged to Krassó County. The settlement is however much older. It is assumed that between Deta and Denta there was the Roman castrum of Potula, through which passed the Roman road connecting Canonia (Vršac) to Zurobara (probably Timișoara).[2] Several Roman vestiges were discovered here, including a border stone.[3] Béla IV of Hungary would have built a fortress here in 1241. Thus, after the retreat of the Tatars, there were several fortresses in the area, including Denta.[4] In the 16th century, when Banat was a Turkish eyalet, Denta was an Ottoman fortress that belonged to the Eyalet of Temeşvar.[5] The plague epidemics of the 17th century also affected Denta. Turkish scholar Evliya Çelebi recalls the Denta Fortress in 1660. He says that it is "placed on the bank of Timiș River with reinforcements in four corners. The fortress is guarded by a captain with 50 soldiers. It has a military depot, a mosque, a restaurant and a few small shops" and that "there are many fruitful gardens in the fortress".[4] The Ottoman rule ends in 1716, when Prince Eugene of Savoy enters Timișoara. Consequently the Turkish troops withdraw from the Denta Fortress, which thus comes under the rule of the Austrian Empire. At that time, Denta had about 100 houses. In 1720, the first colonizations with Germans began.[5] In order to ensure their religious service, the Roman Catholic parish was established in 1724. Thus, until the outbreak of the Austro-Turkish War of 1737, 37 German families lived in Denta.[4] In 1745 the first Bulgarian families moved here. In the same year, the construction of the Bârzava Canal begins. On 15 February 1796, Denta received the right to hold weekly fairs.
Breștea was founded in 1842 by around 110 families of Roman Catholic Banat Bulgarians from Dudeștii Vechi.[6] Each head of household received a lot of house and 11 jugers of arable land. After 1880 part of the Bulgarian population returned to Bulgaria, where they founded the village of Bardarski Geran. The Bulgarians built a Roman Catholic church in 1902 and an oratory around the same year.
The first recorded mention of Rovinița Mare dates from 1288, under the name Humur.[7] The census of 1717 recorded it with 60 houses and as part of the district of Ciacova. Rovinița Mare became the property of the Austrian Aerarium, and in 1779 German settlers were brought here. At the same time, rice cultivation begins in the village. Later, Hungarian settlers are brought here. Towards the end of the 19th century, they outnumbered the Romanians, while the Germans remained a smaller community. South of Rovinița Mare, 80 families of German settlers founded Rovinița Mică in 1895. The land was made available to them by the Aerarium. The villages were originally known as Omor and Omoru Mic, the Romanianized versions of the Hungarian Omor and Kisomor, respectively. These names were changed by Decree no. 799/1964, since the communist authorities deemed them strange (in Romanian, omor means "murder").[8]
Demographics
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Denta had a population of 2,800 inhabitants at the 2021 census, down 6.1% from the 2011 census. Most inhabitants are Romanians (64%), larger minorities being represented by Bulgarians (13.21%), Hungarians (6%), Serbs (3.35%) and Roma (2.96%). For 8.82% of the population, ethnicity is unknown.[9] By religion, most inhabitants are Orthodox (58.1%), but there are also minorities of Roman Catholics (22.5%), Pentecostals (4.25%), Serbian Orthodox (3.21%) and Baptists (2.14%). For 9.28% of the population, religious affiliation is unknown.[10]
| Census[11] | Ethnic composition | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Population | Romanians | Hungarians | Germans | Roma | Serbs | Bulgarians |
| 1880 | 4,906 | 1,396 | 708 | 432 | – | 815 | – |
| 1890 | 5,374 | 1,437 | 872 | 777 | – | 839 | – |
| 1900 | 5,631 | 1,559 | 889 | 1,129 | – | 857 | – |
| 1910 | 5,991 | 1,623 | 1,048 | 1,205 | – | 835 | – |
| 1920 | 5,353 | 1,567 | 733 | 1,133 | – | – | – |
| 1930 | 5,116 | 1,446 | 769 | 1,025 | 80 | 651 | 1,127 |
| 1941 | 5,217 | 1,717 | 719 | 960 | – | – | – |
| 1956 | 4,330 | 1,653 | 656 | 395 | – | 542 | 1,081 |
| 1966 | 4,206 | 1,738 | 582 | 303 | 10 | 458 | 1,112 |
| 1977 | 3,899 | 1,820 | 521 | 94 | 26 | 368 | 949 |
| 1992 | 3,187 | 1,723 | 389 | 42 | 79 | 207 | 709 |
| 2002 | 3,187 | 1,940 | 314 | 25 | 83 | 172 | 605 |
| 2011 | 2,982 | 1,885 | 257 | 30 | 71 | 127 | 479 |
| 2021 | 2,800 | 1,792 | 168 | 24 | 83 | 94 | 370 |
Politics and administration
The commune of Denta is administered by a mayor and a local council composed of 13 councilors. The mayor, Petru Tapanov, from the Social Democratic Party, has been in office since 2021. As from the 2024 local elections, the local council has the following composition by political parties:[12]
| Party | Seats | Composition | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | Social Democratic Party | 6 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | |
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | National Liberal Party | 4 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | ||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania | 1 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | |||||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | Romanian Ecologist Party | 1 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | |||||
| style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | Greater Romania Party | 1 | style="background-color:Template:Party color" | | |||||
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Prezentare generală". Primăria comunei Denta.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Simu, Traian (1924). Drumuri și cetăți romane în Banat. Lugoj: Institutul de Arte Grafice „Tipografia Națională”. pp. 19, 40.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Luca, Sabin Adrian (2006). Descoperiri arheologice din Banatul românesc: repertoriu (PDF). Alba Iulia: Altip. pp. 88–89. ISBN 973-7724-84-4.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pascu, Caius (1939). Comuna Denta (jud. Timiș-Torontal). Monografie istorică. Timișoara: Sonntagsblatt.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Fișa Primăriei comunei Denta". Consiliul Județean Timiș.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Manea, Anton (1997). Brešćа – 150 gudini. Monografija. Timișoara: Mirton.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Szabó, M. Attila (2003). Erdély, Bánság és Partium történeti és közigazgatási helységnévtára. Miercurea Ciuc: Pro-Print Kiadó.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Decret nr. 799 din 17 decembrie 1964 privind schimbarea denumirii unor localități". Portal Legislativ.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Populația rezidentă după etnie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Populația rezidentă după religie". RPL 2021. Institutul Național de Statistică.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Varga, E. Árpád. "Temes megye településeinek etnikai (anyanyelvi/nemzetiségi) adatai 1880-2002" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10. Retrieved 2021-09-26.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Alegeri locale 2024". Rezultate Vot.
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