Doteli
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Doteli, or Dotyali (Doteli-Devanagari: Script error: No such module "Lang".) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by about 495,000 people, most of whom live in Nepal. It is a dialect of Khas, which is an ancient form of the modern Nepali language, and is written in the Devanagari script. It has official status in Nepal as per Part 1, Section 6 of the Constitution of Nepal 2072 (2015).[2] There are four main dialects of Doteli, namely Baitadeli, Achhami, Bajhangi Nepali, Darchuli and Doteli.[3] The mutual intelligibility between these dialects is high and all dialects of Doteli are able to share language-based materials.
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Close-mid | e | o | |
| Open-mid | ʌ | ||
| Open | a |
Consonants
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m ⟨म⟩ | n ⟨न⟩ | ŋ ⟨ङ⟩ | ||||||
| Plosive/ | voiceless | unaspirated | p ⟨प⟩ | t ⟨त⟩ | t͡s ⟨च⟩ | ʈ ⟨ट⟩ | k ⟨क⟩ | ||
| aspirated | pʰ ⟨फ⟩ | tʰ ⟨थ⟩ | t͡sʰ ⟨छ⟩ | ʈʰ ⟨ठ⟩ | kʰ ⟨ख⟩ | ||||
| voiced | unaspirated | b ⟨ब⟩ | d ⟨द⟩ | d͡z ⟨ज⟩ | ɖ ⟨ड⟩ | ɡ ⟨ग⟩ | |||
| aspirated | bʱ ⟨भ⟩ | dʱ ⟨ध⟩ | d͡zʱ ⟨झ⟩ | ɖʱ ⟨ढ⟩ | ɡʱ ⟨घ⟩ | ||||
| Fricative | s ⟨स⟩ | ɦ ⟨ह⟩ | |||||||
| Rhotic | r ⟨र⟩ | ||||||||
| Approximant | (w ⟨व⟩) | l ⟨ल⟩ | (j ⟨य⟩) | ||||||
Example short phrases
| Words/Phrases | Transliteration | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| नमस्कार | Namaskar | Hello (formal) |
| तमरो नाम कि हो | Tamaro naam ki ho | What is your name? |
| तम काँ बठे आया हौ | Tam kan bathe aaya hou | Where are you from? |
| तम कसा छौ | Tam kasa chhau | How are you? |
| मुई निको छुँ | Mui niko chhu | I'm fine. |
| तम काँ झान्या हौ | Tam kan jhanya hou | Where are you going? / Where will you go? |
| कि भ्यो / कि भयो | Ki bhyo / ki bhayo | What happened? |
| छाँटो घर आया | Chhanto ghar aaya | Come home soon. |
Names of the language
The language is known by various names in the far–western region of Nepal, according to the districts.
| District | Terms used for language name |
|---|---|
| Kailali | Baitadeli, Bajhangi–Nepali |
| Kanchanpur | Baitadeli–Nepali, Pahadi, Nepali |
| Doti | Dotyali, Doteli |
| Dadeldhura | Dotyali, Dadeldhuri |
| Achham | Achhami, Achhami-Nepali |
| Baitadi | Baitadi, Baitadeli, Dotyali |
| Darchula | Darchuleli, Dotyali, Sauka |
| Bajhang | Bajhangi, Bajhangi–Nepali |
Official status
The Language Commission of Nepal has recommended Dotyali language as official language in Sudurpashchim Province.[1]
Origin and history
Although Dotyali isn't fully intelligible with standard Nepali, Dotyali is considered a member of the macrolanguage Nepali.[4] In Nepal, Doteli is considered a Nepali dialect. However, local intellectuals and people of Doti, those who speak Doteli, are increasingly demanding their language to be recognized as one of the national languages of Nepal.
References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."सरकारी कामकाजको भाषाका आधारहरूको निर्धारण तथा भाषासम्बन्धी सिफारिसहरू (पञ्चवर्षीय प्रतिवेदन- साराांश) २०७८" (PDF). Language Commission. Language Commission. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 September 2021. Retrieved 28 October 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Constitution Bill of Nepal 2072" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-01-27. Retrieved 2017-04-29.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Eichentopf, Stephanie R. (2014). "A Sociolinguistic Study of Dotyali" (PDF). SIL International.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."dty | ISO 639-3". iso639-3.sil.org. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
External links
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- Easy Nepali Typing
- English to Nepali Converter
- Type Nepali with Nepali Unicode
- Type In Nepali Unicode
- Saral Nepali Unicode
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