Doubs

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Doubs
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Department
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Prefecture building in Besançon
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Flag
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Coat of arms
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Location of Doubs in France
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CountryFrance
RegionBourgogne-Franche-Comté
PrefectureBesançon
SubprefecturesMontbéliard
Pontarlier
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilChristine Bouquin[1] (LR)
Area
1
 • Total
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Population
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Population
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 • Total
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 • Rank49th
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Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
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ISO 3166 codeFR-25
Department number25
Arrondissements3
Cantons19
Communes563
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Doubs (/duː/ Script error: No such module "Respell".; Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx) is an administrative department in the northeastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. Named after the river Doubs, it had a population of 547,163 in 2023.[2] Its prefecture is Besançon and subprefectures are Montbéliard and Pontarlier.

Situated in the east of France and the east of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region, it shares a border with Switzerland of almost 170 km and most of its territory is located in the Jura Mountains. Its highest point is the Mont d'Or (1,463 m), and the three main rivers that flow through it are the Doubs, the Ognon and the Loue.

Economically, the Doubs département is one of the most industrialised in France, specialising in car manufacturing with the historic location of the Peugeot plant (Stellantis group) in Sochaux, metalworking and food processing. The Doubs is also home to many companies in the microtechnology sector, as well as being the historic cradle of the French watchmaking industry. Its agriculture, mainly focused on livestock and milk production, is symbolised by cheeses such as comté, mont d'or, morbier, and cancoillotte, and by charcuteries such as Morteau sausage, Montbéliard sausage, and smoked ham.

The department's main tourist attractions are the citadel of Besançon and the Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans, both UNESCO World Heritage sites, as well as the Château de Joux. The Doubs is renowned for its many remarkable natural sites, including the Lac de Saint-Point, the Saut du Doubs, the sources of the Doubs, Loue and Lison rivers, the Cirque de Consolation, the Grotte d'Osselle and the Gouffre de Poudrey.

History

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". As early as the 13th century, inhabitants of the northern two-thirds of Doubs spoke Franc-Comtois, a dialect of the langues d'oïl. Residents of the southern third of Doubs spoke a dialect of the Arpitan language. Both languages co-existed with French, the official language of law and commerce, and continued to be spoken frequently in rural areas into the 20th century. They are both still spoken today but not on a daily basis.

Doubs was important as a portal to Switzerland through the pass at Cluse de Pontarlier. Many famous people, including Mirabeau, Toussaint Louverture and Heinrich von Kleist, were imprisoned in the Château de Joux.

Doubs is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. It was created from part of the former province of Franche-Comté. The prefecture (capital) is Besançon.

In 1793, the republic of Mandeure was annexed by France and incorporated into the department. This district was passed between various territories and departments in the ensuing administrative reorganisations and wars, but was restored to Doubs in 1816 when the former principality of Montbéliard was also added to the department.

However, the commune of Le Cerneux-Péquignot was annexed by the Canton of Neuchâtel under the terms of the 1814 Treaty of Paris, and since remained Swiss territory.

Between the defeat of France at the Battle of Waterloo and November 1818, Doubs was included in the area occupied by Austrian troops.

Victor Hugo, Gustave Courbet, Armand Peugeot, Auguste and Louis Lumière and Frank Darabont are among the famous people born in Doubs.

Geography

Doubs is part of the current region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and is surrounded by the French departments of Jura, Haute-Saône, and Territoire de Belfort, and the Swiss cantons of Vaud, Neuchâtel, and Jura.

The department is dominated by the Jura mountains, which rise east of Besançon.

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Besançon, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 5 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:[3]

Commune Population (2023)
Besançon 118,489
Montbéliard 24,672
Pontarlier 18,067
Audincourt 14,071
Valentigney 10,501

Demographics

The inhabitants of the department are called Doubiens in French.

Population development since 1791:

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Politics

The President of the Departmental Council is Christine Bouquin (LR).

Party seats
style="background-color: Template:Party color" |• The Republicans 24
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Socialist Party 12
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Renaissance 2

National Assembly Representatives

Constituency Member[5] Party
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Doubs's 1st constituency Laurent Croizier Democratic Movement
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Doubs's 2nd constituency Dominique Voynet The Ecologists
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Doubs's 3rd constituency Matthieu Bloch Union of the Right for the Republic
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Doubs's 4th constituency Géraldine Grangier National Rally
style="background-color: Template:Party color" | Doubs's 5th constituency Annie Genevard The Republicans

Economy

The Doubs department is at the same time the greenest and the most industrialized in France.[citation needed]

It is the birthplace of the automotive manufacturer Peugeot.

Tourism

The castle of Joux and Besançon are important tourist destinations.

Notable people

See also

Bibliography

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Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Doubs (department)".
  • Hoffmann, Michael, Die französischen Konservativen in der katholischen Provinz Parteigenese und politische Kultur im Doubs (1900–1930) (Frankfurt am Main u.a., Peter Lang, 2008) (Moderne Geschichte und Politik, 22).

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in français). 4 May 2022.
  2. ^ a b Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023, INSEE
  3. ^ Populations de référence 2023: 25 Doubs, INSEE
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Historique du Doubs". Le SPLAF.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Nationale, Assemblée. "Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français". Assemblée nationale.

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