ENOD40

ENOD40
A sequence logo for the ENOD40 peptide.
Identifiers
Symbol	ENOD40
Pfam	PF08247
InterPro	IPR013186
Available protein structures: PDB   IPR013186 PF08247 (ECOD; PDBsum)   AlphaFold IPR013186 PF08247

enod40, also known as early nodulin 40, is a gene found in flowering plants. The gene has characteristics of both protein and Non-coding RNA genes. There is some evidence that the non-coding characteristics of this gene are more widely conserved than the protein coding sequences. In soyabeans enod40 was found to be expressed during early stages of formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules that are associated with symbiotic soil rhizobial bacteria. The gene is also active in roots containing fungi forming phosphate-acquiring arbuscular mycorrhiza. An interaction with a novel RNA-binding protein MtRBP1 (Medicago truncatula RNA-binding protein 1) investigated in the development of Root nodule suggests ENOD40 has a function of cytoplasmic relocalization of nuclear proteins. In the study of non-legume plants, the over-expression of ENOD40 in transgenic Arabidopsis lines was observed a reduction of cell expansion.

See also

• Non-coding RNA#Bifunctional RNA

Further reading

• Podkowinski J, Zmienko A, Florek B, Wojciechowski P, Rybarczyk A, Wrzesinski J, Ciesiolka J, Blazewicz J, Kondorosi A, Crespi M, Legocki A (2009). "Translational and structural analysis of the shortest legume ENOD40 gene in Lupinus luteus". Acta Biochim Pol. 56 (1): 89–102. doi:10.18388/abp.2009_2520. PMID 19287803.
• Wan X, Hontelez J, Lillo A, Guarnerio C, van de Peut D, Fedorova E, Bisseling T, Franssen H (2007). "Medicago truncatula ENOD40-1 and ENOD40-2 are both involved in nodule initiation and bacteroid development". J Exp Bot. 58 (8): 2033–2041. doi:10.1093/jxb/erm072. PMID 17452749.
• Gultyaev AP, Roussis A (2007). "Identification of conserved secondary structures and expansion segments in enod40 RNAs reveals new enod40 homologues in plants". Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (9): 3144–3152. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm173. PMC 1888808. PMID 17452360.
• Murakami Y, Miwa H, Imaizumi-Anraku H, Kouchi H, Downie JA, Kawaguchi M, Kawasaki S (2006). "Positional cloning identifies Lotus japonicus NSP2, a putative transcription factor of the GRAS family, required for NIN and ENOD40 gene expression in nodule initiation". DNA Res. 13 (6): 255–265. doi:10.1093/dnares/dsl017. PMID 17244637.
• Lee A, Lum MR, Hirsch AM (2007). "ENOD40 Gene Expression and Cytokinin Responses in the Nonnodulating, Nonmycorrhizal (NodMyc) Mutant, Masym3, of Melilotus alba Desr". Plant Signal Behav. 2 (1): 33–42. doi:10.4161/psb.2.1.3734. PMC 2633896. PMID 19516966.
• Ruttink T, Boot K, Kijne J, Bisseling T, Franssen H (2006). "ENOD40 affects elongation growth in tobacco Bright Yellow-2 cells by alteration of ethylene biosynthesis kinetics". J Exp Bot. 57 (12): 3271–3282. doi:10.1093/jxb/erl089. PMID 16957021.
• Grønlund M, Roussis A, Flemetakis E, Quaedvlieg NE, Schlaman HR, Umehara Y, Katinakis P, Stougaard J, Spaink HP (2005). "Analysis of promoter activity of the early nodulin Enod40 in Lotus japonicus". Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 18 (5): 414–427. Bibcode:2005MPMI...18..414G. doi:10.1094/MPMI-18-0414. hdl:1887/61968. PMID 15915640.
• Röhrig H, John M, Schmidt J (2004). "Modification of soybean sucrose synthase by S-thiolation with ENOD40 peptide A.". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 325 (3): 864–870. Bibcode:2004BBRC..325..864R. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.100. hdl:11858/00-001M-0000-0012-3B5C-C. PMID 15541370.
• Dey M, Complainville A, Charon C, Torrizo L, Kondorosi A, Crespi M, Datta S (2004). "Phytohormonal responses in enod40-overexpressing plants of Medicago truncatula and rice". Physiol. Plant. 120 (1): 132–139. Bibcode:2004PPlan.120..132D. doi:10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.0208.x. PMID 15032885.
• Compaan B, Ruttink T, Albrecht C, Meeley R, Bisseling T, Franssen H (2003). "Identification and characterization of a Zea mays line carrying a transposon-tagged ENOD40". Biochim Biophys Acta. 1629 (1–3): 84–91. doi:10.1016/j.bbaexp.2003.08.004. PMID 14522083.
• Vleghels I, Hontelez J, Ribeiro A, Fransz P, Bisseling T, Franssen H (2003). "Expression of ENOD40 during tomato plant development". Planta. 218 (1): 42–49. Bibcode:2003Plant.218...42V. doi:10.1007/s00425-003-1081-9. PMID 14508686. S2CID 37198384.
• Santi C, von Groll U, Ribeiro A, Chiurazzi M, Auguy F, Bogusz D, Franche C, Pawlowski K (2003). "Comparison of nodule induction in legume and actinorhizal symbioses: the induction of actinorhizal nodules does not involve ENOD40". Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 16 (9): 808–816. Bibcode:2003MPMI...16..808S. doi:10.1094/MPMI.2003.16.9.808. PMID 12971604.
• Girard G, Roussis A, Gultyaev AP, Pleij CW, Spaink HP (2003). "Structural motifs in the RNA encoded by the early nodulation gene enod40 of soybean". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (17): 5003–5015. doi:10.1093/nar/gkg721. PMC 212817. PMID 12930950.
• Larsen K (2003). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a ryegrass (Lolium perenne) ENOD40 homologue". J Plant Physiol. 160 (6): 675–687. Bibcode:2003JPPhy.160..675L. doi:10.1078/0176-1617-00962. PMID 12872490.
• Favery B, Complainville A, Vinardell JM, Lecomte P, Vaubert D, Mergaert P, Kondorosi A, Kondorosi E, Crespi M, Abad P (2002). "The endosymbiosis-induced genes ENOD40 and CCS52a are involved in endoparasitic-nematode interactions in Medicago truncatula". Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 15 (10): 1008–1013. Bibcode:2002MPMI...15.1008F. doi:10.1094/MPMI.2002.15.10.1008. PMID 12437298.
• Varkonyi-Gasic E, White DW (2002). "The white clover enod40 gene family. Expression patterns of two types of genes indicate a role in vascular function". Plant Physiol. 129 (3): 1107–1118. doi:10.1104/pp.010916. PMC 166505. PMID 12114565.
• Rohrig H, Schmidt J, Miklashevichs E, Schell J, John M (2002). "Soybean ENOD40 encodes two peptides that bind to sucrose synthase". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 99 (4): 1915–1920. Bibcode:2002PNAS...99.1915R. doi:10.1073/pnas.022664799. PMC 122294. PMID 11842184.
• Staehelin C, Charon C, Boller T, Crespi M, Kondorosi A (2001). "Medicago truncatula plants overexpressing the early nodulin gene enod40 exhibit accelerated mycorrhizal colonization and enhanced formation of arbuscules". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 98 (26): 15366–15371. Bibcode:2001PNAS...9815366S. doi:10.1073/pnas.251491698. PMC 65035. PMID 11752473.
• Imaizumi-Anraku H, Kouchi H, Syono K, Akao S, Kawaguchi M (2000). "Analysis of ENOD40 expression in alb1, a symbiotic mutant of Lotus japonicus that forms empty nodules with incompletely developed nodule vascular bundles". Mol Gen Genet. 264 (4): 402–410. doi:10.1007/s004380000330. PMID 11129043. S2CID 10727926.
• Sousa C, Johansson C, Charon C, Manyani H, Sautter C, Kondorosi A, Crespi M (2001). "Translational and structural requirements of the early nodulin gene enod40, a short-open reading frame-containing RNA, for elicitation of a cell-specific growth response in the alfalfa root cortex". Mol Cell Biol. 21 (1): 354–366. doi:10.1128/MCB.21.1.354-366.2001. PMC 88808. PMID 11113209.
• Flemetakis E, Kavroulakis N, Quaedvlieg NE, Spaink HP, Dimou M, Roussis A, Katinakis P (2000). "Lotus japonicus contains two distinct ENOD40 genes that are expressed in symbiotic, nonsymbiotic, and embryonic tissues". Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 13 (9): 987–994. Bibcode:2000MPMI...13..987F. doi:10.1094/MPMI.2000.13.9.987. PMID 10975655.
• Charon C, Sousa C, Crespi M, Kondorosi A (1999). "Alteration of enod40 expression modifies medicago truncatula root nodule development induced by sinorhizobium meliloti". Plant Cell. 11 (10): 1953–1966. Bibcode:1999PlanC..11.1953C. doi:10.1105/tpc.11.10.1953. PMC 144109. PMID 10521525.
• Kouchi H, Takane K, So RB, Ladha JK, Reddy PM (1999). "Rice ENOD40: isolation and expression analysis in rice and transgenic soybean root nodules". Plant J. 18 (2): 121–129. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313X.1999.00432.x. PMID 10363365.
• Mirabella R, Martirani L, Lamberti A, Iaccarino M, Chiurazzi M (1999). "The soybean ENOD40(2) promoter is active in Arabidopsis thaliana and is temporally and spatially regulated". Plant Mol Biol. 39 (1): 177–181. Bibcode:1999PMolB..39..177M. doi:10.1023/A:1006146627301. PMID 10080720. S2CID 27117762.
• Corich V, Goormachtig S, Lievens S, Van Montagu M, Holsters M (1998). "Patterns of ENOD40 gene expression in stem-borne nodules of Sesbania rostrata". Plant Mol Biol. 37 (1): 67–76. Bibcode:1998PMolB..37...67C. doi:10.1023/A:1005925607793. PMID 9620265. S2CID 6061623.
• Fang Y, Hirsch AM (1998). "Studying early nodulin gene ENOD40 expression and induction by nodulation factor and cytokinin in transgenic alfalfa". Plant Physiol. 116 (1): 53–68. doi:10.1104/pp.116.1.53. PMC 35188. PMID 9449836.
• Charon C, Johansson C, Kondorosi E, Kondorosi A, Crespi M (1997). "enod40 induces dedifferentiation and division of root cortical cells in legumes". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 94 (16): 8901–8906. Bibcode:1997PNAS...94.8901C. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.16.8901. PMC 23190. PMID 11038563.
• Minami E, Kouchi H, Cohn JR, Ogawa T, Stacey G (1996). "Expression of the early nodulin, ENOD40, in soybean roots in response to various lipo-chitin signal molecules". Plant J. 10 (1): 23–32. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313X.1996.10010023.x. PMID 8758977.
• Papadopoulou K, Roussis A, Katinakis P (1996). "Phaseolus ENOD40 is involved in symbiotic and non-symbiotic organogenetic processes: expression during nodule and lateral root development". Plant Mol Biol. 30 (3): 403–417. Bibcode:1996PMolB..30..403P. doi:10.1007/BF00049320. PMID 8605294. S2CID 2726636.
• Crespi MD, Jurkevitch E, Poiret M, d'Aubenton-Carafa Y, Petrovics G, Kondorosi E, Kondorosi A (1994). "enod40, a gene expressed during nodule organogenesis, codes for a non-translatable RNA involved in plant growth". EMBO J. 13 (21): 5099–5112. doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06839.x. PMC 395456. PMID 7957074.
• Matvienko M, Van de Sande K, Yang WC, van Kammen A, Bisseling T, Franssen H (1994). "Comparison of soybean and pea ENOD40 cDNA clones representing genes expressed during both early and late stages of nodule development". Plant Mol Biol. 26 (1): 487–493. Bibcode:1994PMolB..26..487M. doi:10.1007/BF00039559. PMID 7948896. S2CID 11639458.

External links

• ENTREZ page for Lotus japonicus ENOD40
• Page for Early nodulin 40 at Rfam
• NONCODE entry for ENOD40 RNA