Entobia

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File:Pelecyora gigas Natural History Museum University of Pisa I-18381.jpg
Entobia borings on the fossil shell of the bivalve "Pelecyora gigas" (Lamarck, 1818), Pliocene of Tuscany, Italy, (Natural History Museum University of Pisa)
File:Entobia gallery 041316.jpg
Entobia in a bivalve shell, Florida.

Entobia is a trace fossil in a hard substrate (typically a shell, rock or hardground made of calcium carbonate) formed by sponges as a branching network of galleries, often with regular enlargements termed chambers. Apertural canals connect the outer surface of the substrate to the chambers and galleries so the sponge can channel water through its tissues for filter feeding.[1] The fossil ranges from the Devonian to the Recent.[2][3]

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bromley, R.G. (1970). "Borings as trace fossils and Entobia cretacea Portlock, as an example". Geological Journal. 3: 49–90.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Taylor, P.D., Wilson. M.A. (2003). "Palaeoecology and evolution of marine hard substrate communities". Earth-Science Reviews. 62 (1–2): 1–103. Bibcode:2003ESRv...62....1T. doi:10.1016/S0012-8252(02)00131-9.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tapanila, L. (2006). "Devonian Entobia borings from Nevada, with a revision of Topsentopsis". Journal of Paleontology. 80 (4): 760–767. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2006)80[760:DEBFNW]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 129195867.
File:Entobia Prairie Bluff Chalk Formation Cretaceous.JPG
Entobia from the Prairie Bluff Chalk Formation (Maastrichtian, Upper Cretaceous) of Starkville, Mississippi. Preserved as a cast of the excavations.

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