Flidais
Template:Short description Template:DMCA Flidas or Flidais (modern spelling: Fliodhas, Fliodhais) is a female figure in Irish Mythology, known by the epithet Foltchaín ("beautiful hair"). She is believed to have been a goddess of cattle and fertility.[1][2]
Mythology
Flidas is mentioned in the Metrical Dindshenchas as mother of Fand,[3] and in the Lebor Gabála Érenn as the mother of Argoen, Bé Téite, Dinand and Bé Chuille.[1][4] Dinand and Bé Chuille are mentioned as "she-farmers" in a passage about Dian Cecht in Lebor Gabála Érenn and as witches in the Second Battle of Moytura, where they agree to enchant the trees, stones, and sods of the earth to become a host under arms.[4][5] In the Middle Irish glossary Cóir Anmann ("Fitness of Names") Flidas is said to be the wife of the legendary High King Adamair and the mother of Nia Segamain.
The Ulster Cycle tale "The Tidings of Conchobar" says that it took seven women to satisfy Fergus, unless he could have Flidais.[6] Her affair with Fergus is the subject of oral tradition in County Mayo.[7]
Cattle raid epics
The myths relating to Fliodhais overwhelmingly focus on cattle.
Flidais is a central figure in Táin Bó Flidhais ("The Driving-off of Flidais's Cattle"), an Ulster Cycle work, where she is the lover of Fergus mac Róich and the owner of a magical herd of cattle. The story, set in Erris, County Mayo tells how Fergus carried her and her cattle away from her husband, Ailill Finn.[8]
During the Táin Bó Cúailnge (Cattle Raid of Cooley) she slept in the tent of Ailill mac Máta, king of Connacht, and every seven days her herd supplied milk for the entire army.[9] In Táin Bó Flidhais she has a favoured white cow known as "The Maol" which can feed 300 men from one night's milking.[10][11]
Outdated interpretations
In the recent past Flidais was popularly rendered as a woodland goddess similar to the Greek Artemis and Roman Diana. Scholars now believe this to be incorrect.[2]
Her son, Nia Segamain, was able to milk wild deer as if they were cows by power received from his mother.[12] This indirect association with deer, and her consequent attribution as a woodland goddess is based on an unlikely medieval folk etymology of her name as flid ois or "wetness of a faun".[2] This etymology may have been an effort to conflate Flidais with the deer maiden, Sadhbh from the Fenian Cycle; however, Fliodhais' mythology overwhelmingly focuses only on domestic cattle and milking.
References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Monaghan, Patricia (2004). The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore. Infobase Publishing. p. 197.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Beck, N. (2009). "A Celtic Deer Goddess?". Goddesses in Celtic Religion (Thesis). Univ. Lyon 2. ULL2, UCD.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gwynne, Edward, ed. (1906). "Poem 49". The Metrical Dindshenchas. Vol. 3.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jones, Mary. "Lebor Gabála Érenn: The Book of Invasions". Celtic Literature Collective. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Second Battle of Moytura". Corpus of Electronic Texts Edition. Translated by Stokes, Whitley. University College, Cork. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stokes, Whitley, ed. (1908). "The Tidings of Conchobar son of Ness". Ériu. Vol. II. London, U.K.: David Nutt.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.MacKillop, James, ed. (1998). Dictionary of Celtic Mythology.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Leahy (ed.). "The Driving of the Cattle of Flidais". Heroic Romances. Vol. II. pp. 108–128.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.O'Rahilly, Cecile, ed. (1967). "Táin Bó Cúailnge". Book of Leinster. p. 146.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Dunford, S., ed. (2008). Táin Bó Flidhais. Dublin.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Leahy (ed.). Heroic Romances of Ireland. Vol. II. pp. 104–105.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Leahy, A.H., ed. (1906). Heroic Romances of Ireland. Vol. II. p. 107.
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