Four Sages
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The Four Sages, Assessors,[1] or Correlates (Template:Zh), are four eminent figures in the Chinese philosopher and Confucianism tradition. They are traditionally accorded a status akin to sainthood, and their spirit tablets are prominently placed in Confucian temples.
The Four Sages are:
- Yan Hui (521–481 BC), Confucius's favourite disciple, prominently featured in the Analects.
- Zengzi or Zeng Shen (505–435 BC), another disciple of Confucius and author of the Great Learning.
- Zisi or Kong Ji (481–402 BCE), Confucius's grandson and student of Zengzi, and author of the Doctrine of the Mean.
- Mencius or Master Meng (372–289 BC), a student of Zisi and author of the Mencius.
Within a traditional Confucian temple, Yan Hui's tablet is placed first to the east of Confucius.[1]
The families of the descendants of the Four Sages 四氏 continue to hold hereditary offices in the Republic of China (Taiwan), such as the Sacrificial Official to Confucius, "Sacrificial Official to Mencius", "Sacrificial Official to Zengzi", and "Sacrificial Official to Yan Hui".[2][3][4][5] These families (except for the Yan's) use generation poems, which were bestowed upon them by Ming and Qing Emperors.[6][7]
See also
- Confucianism
- Disciples of Confucius
- Twelve Philosophers
- Kong Family Mansion
- Temple of Confucius, Qufu
- Cemetery of Confucius
- Temple of Zengzi 曾廟
- Mencius's sites: Meng family mansion 孟府, Temple of Mencius 孟廟, and Cemetery of Mencius 孟林.
- Temple of Yan Hui
References
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- ^ a b Legge, James. The Confucian Analects, the Great Learning, & the Doctrine of the Mean. 1893.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."台湾拟将孔子奉祀官改为荣誉职 可由女性继承_台湾频道_新华网". news.xinhuanet.com. Archived from the original on 2014-12-04.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."台湾儒家奉祀官将改为无给职 不排除由女子继任_新闻中心_新浪网".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Rfi - 台湾拟减少儒家世袭奉祀官职位并取消俸禄".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."[Miscellaneous Notes on Literature and History] Sacrificial Official of the Great Sage Confucius". blog.xuite.net (in 中文). 2008-10-30. Archived from the original on 2019-04-13.
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- ^ Template:In lang 孟姓 (The Meng family, descendants of Mencius) Script error: No such module "webarchive".
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