G with stroke
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Ǥ (lowercase ǥ), referred to by Unicode as a G with stroke, is a letter used in alphabets for Skolt Sámi in Fennoscandia, Kiowa in North America, Kadiwéu in South America. The position of the stroke within the letter can vary, either due to the particular typeface being used, or due to a preference within the language's writing system (e.g., written Skolt Sami places the stroke lower than Kadiwéu does).
In the Latin alphabet for Skolt Sámi, G with stroke denotes the voiced velar fricative /ɣ/.[1]Template:Rp It is sometimes pronounced as a voiced velar approximant /ɰ/ instead. It appears word-medially and word-finally, and often appears as a double letter ǥǥ to indicate that the sound is phonemically geminate, as in čååǥǥam "comb" or šiõǥǥ "good".[1]Template:Rp
It is also used in some orthographies for the Kiowa language, where it represents a voiceless but unaspirated velar stop /k/ (similar to the k sounds in English skate).[2]Template:Rp
In Kadiwéu, G with stroke is used to represent the voiced uvular stop Template:IPA slink, which may also be pronounced as the voiced uvular fricative Template:IPA blink.[3]Template:Rp
The letter has also been used to write Proto-Germanic,[4]Template:Better source Northern Sámi (in Nils Vibe Stockfleth's 1839 orthography), and in the Old Icelandic orthography proposed in the First Grammatical Treatise, where it represented a velar nasal.[citation needed]
An early version of the International Phonetic Alphabet used a character similar to ǥ to stand for the voiced velar fricative Template:IPA blink, although the IPA's representation of the character had a slightly tilted stroke and a slightly bent descender on the g.[5]
Computer encoding
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References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Feist, Timothy (2010). A Grammar of Skolt Saami (PhD thesis). Manchester, England: University of Manchester.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Poolaw, Dane (2023). ǥáuiđòᵰ꞉gyà–tʼáukáuidóᵰ꞉gyá : Kiowa–English student glossary (PDF).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Griffiths, Glyn (2002). Dicionário da Língua Kadiwéu; Kadiwéu – Português, Português – Kadiwéu (PDF). SIL.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Germanic languages | Consonants | Britannica". Encyclopedia Britannica. 27 March 2025. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.International Phonetic Association (1912). Passy, Paul; Jones, Daniel (eds.). The Principles of the International Phonetic Association. p. 12. Retrieved 27 May 2025.
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