Gerardo de Leon
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Gerardo de Leon (September 12, 1913 – July 25, 1981) was a Filipino film director and actor. He was posthumously conferred as a National Artist of the Philippines for Film in 1982.
Biography
De Leon, who was born Gerardo Ilagan, was a member of the Ilagan clan of Philippine motion pictures, which includes Robert Arevalo, Conrado Conde, Angel Esmeralda, Eddie Ilagan, musical scorer Tito Arévalo, and his daughter Liberty Ilagan. De Leon was a medical doctor by profession, but his ultimate love for film won him over.[1] He made his acting debut in the 1934 film Ang Dangal.[2] He acted in eight other films before becoming a director. The first film he directed was Bahay-Kubo (1939), starring Fely Vallejo, an actress whom he later married.
De Leon produced a number of anti-American propaganda films during World War II, in collaboration with the occupying Japanese forces and Japanese director Yutaka Abe, who personally chose De Leon for the projects. De Leon was arrested and charged with treason after the Japanese were defeated, and was almost executed by the Filipino government. But at the last minute, he was pardoned when evidence came to light that all during the war, he had secretly assisted the Filipino resistance as well.[3]
Nicknamed "Manong", de Leon is the most awarded film director in the history of the Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences' FAMAS Awards. From 1952 to 1971, he was awarded seven FAMAS Awards, three of them received consecutively.[4] His 1961 film The Moises Padilla Story was selected as the Philippine entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 32nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.[5]
All of the films for which he won Best Director also won Best Picture at the FAMAS, namely Sawa sa Lumang Simboryo (1952), Hanggang sa Dulo ng Daigdig (1958), Huwag Mo Akong Limutin (1960), Noli Me Tangere (1961, adapted from the novel of the same title), El Filibusterismo (1962), Daigdig ng Mga Api (1965), and Lilet (1971). One of his unfinished projects was Juan de la Cruz (1972) with Fernando Poe Jr.
He is known to fans of cult horror films for the handful of 1960s horror movies he directed, some co-directed with his friend Eddie Romero and co-financed with American money. These films included Terror Is a Man (1959), The Blood Drinkers/ Blood Is the Color of Night (1964),[6] Curse of the Vampires/ Whisper to the Wind (1966), Brides of Blood (1968), and Mad Doctor of Blood Island (1969).[3] Roger Corman hired him in 1971 to direct his gritty Women in Prison film Women in Cages (1971), featuring Pam Grier as a sadistic prison warden [3] and Philippines sex symbol Sofia Moran.
Death
De Leon died on July 25, 1981, at age 67.[citation needed]
Personal life
He was married to Fely Vallejo (1918–2013). She outlived him by 32 years, dying at age 95 in 2013. Vallejo was a pre-war era actress who played a starring role in his directorial debut movie Bahay-Kubo (1938). Together they have 2 children, Liberty Ilagan (July 6, 1943 – 2020)[7] and Maria Fe "Baby" (born 1949), the widow of actor Ronaldo Valdez. Liberty was also an actress (but has since left showbiz) and was married to former actor/famous restaurateur, Rod Ongpauco (screen-named Rod Evans) (born 1945), who is also a paternal uncle of actress Heart Evangelista, with whom she has 3 children.[8][9] Whilst her sister, Marife Ilagan was married to actor Ronaldo Valdez (1947–2023) with whom they had two children, Janno Gibbs and Melissa, who are also both actors in their own right.[10]
Filmography
Film
| Year | Title | Notes | Ref(s): |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1938 | Bahay Kubo | ||
| 1938 | Mga Sugar ng Puso | ||
| 1938 | Makiling | ||
| 1940 | Estrellita ("Little Star") | ||
| 1941 | Ang Maestra ("The Teacher") | ||
| 1943 | Dawn of Freedom | ||
| 1947 | Mameng, Iniibig Kita | ||
| 1950 | 48 Oras ("48 Hours") | ||
| 1951 | Sisa | ||
| Diego Silang | |||
| 1952 | Bagong Umaga ("A New Morning") | ||
| Sawa sa Lumang Simboryo (The Python in the Old Dome)[11] | |||
| 1953 | Dyesebel (a mermaid character in Filipino fiction) | ||
| 1954 | Pedro Penduko | ||
| Ifuago | |||
| 1955 | Sanda Wong | ||
| 1956 | Saigon | ||
| 1957 | Bakya Mo Neneng | ||
| Kamay ni Cain | |||
| Bicol Express | |||
| 1958 | Hanggang sa Dulo ng Daigdig ("Till the End of the
World") |
||
| 1959 | Terror Is a Man | a.k.a. Blood Creature | [12] |
| 1960 | Viuda de Oro ("The Golden Widow") | ||
| Huwag Mo Akong Limutin ("Don't Forget Me") | Also writer | ||
| 1961 | The Moises Padilla Story | ||
| Noli Me Tángere | |||
| Apollo Robles | |||
| 1962 | El filibusterismo | Also writer | |
| Ako ang Katarungan | |||
| 1964 | Anak ni Dyesebel | ||
| The Walls of Hell | a.k.a. Intramuros | ||
| The Blood Drinkers | Original title: Kulay Dugo ang Gabi a.k.a. Blood Is the Color of Night, The Vampire People. |
[13][14] | |
| 1965 | Magandang Bituin ("The Good Star") | ||
| Ang Daigdig ng Mga Api | Possibly a lost film[15] | ||
| Tagumpay ng Mahirap | Segment "The President" | ||
| 1966 | Curse of the Vampires | Original title: Ibulong Mo sa Hangin | [16] |
| Brides of Blood | co-director with Eddie Romero | ||
| 1967 | The Gold Bikini | ||
| 1969 | Brownout | ||
| The Mad Doctor of Blood Island | a.k.a. Tomb of the Living Dead co-director with Eddie Romero |
[17] | |
| 1971 | Playpen | ||
| Women in Cages | |||
| 1972 | Lilet | ||
| 1975 | Fe, Esperanza, Caridad (translation: Faith, Hope and Charity) | ||
| 1975 | Banaue: Stairway to the Sky | ||
| 1976 | Juan dela Cruz (unfinished) |
References
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Order of National Artists: Gerardo "Gerry" de Leon". gov.ph. Archived from the original on October 28, 2020. Retrieved June 10, 2020.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Schneider, Steven Jay, ed. (2007). 501 Movie Directors. London: Cassell Illustrated. p. 209. ISBN 9781844035731. OCLC 1347156402.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mark Holcomb (December 10, 2012). "de Leon, Gerardo". Sensesofcinema.com. Archived from the original on August 21, 2019. Retrieved August 20, 2019.
- ^ Did you know? National Artist for Film Gerardo de Leon Script error: No such module "webarchive".. Newsinfo.inquirer.net (September 11, 2014). Retrieved on June 25, 2016.
- ^ Margaret Herrick Library, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.White, Mike. "Cashiers du Cinemart - Issue 18 - Strong Coffee with a National Treasure : An Interview with Eddie Romero". Cashiers du Cinemart Magazine. Archived from the original on July 31, 2016. Retrieved August 3, 2018.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Former Sampaguita star Liberty Ilagan dies at 76". PEP.ph. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Liberty: No regrets having quit showbiz". Philstar.com. Archived from the original on January 25, 2024. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lo, Ricky. "What was Liberty's biggest regret?". Philstar.com. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wang, Nickie (December 18, 2023). "Ronaldo Valdez tackles love in twilight years in last film". Manila Standard. Archived from the original on January 25, 2024. Retrieved January 25, 2024.
- ^ https://www.facebook.com/groups/upfilmcenter/posts/10160919208413338/
- ^ "Terror Is a Man (1959) - Notes - TCM.com". Turner Classic Movies.com. TCM. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Kulay dugo ang gabi". Česko-Slovenská filmová databáze. Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved November 16, 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Kulay dugo ang Gabi". Archived from the original on March 28, 2020. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Soliman, Michelle Anne P. (April 12, 2022). "Preserving the memories of a film". BusinessWorld. BusinessWorld Publishing. Archived from the original on June 20, 2024. Retrieved June 21, 2024.
...Ang Daigdig ng mga Api (The World of the Oppressed) is now lost because effective and efficient archiving facilities were not available at the time it was made.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Ibulong mo sa hangin (Blood of the Vampires)(Creatures of Evil)(Whisper to the Wind) - Movie Reviews". Rottentomatoes.com. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved July 29, 2018.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Arena, Jim (2002). Mad Doctor of Blood Island (Media notes) (Liner notes). Image Entertainment. ID146211DVD.
External links
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