Gija language
Template:Short description Template:DMCA Template:DMCA
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.
| Gija | |
|---|---|
| Kija | |
| Region | From Halls Creek to Kununurra, Western Australia |
| Ethnicity | Gija |
Native speakers | 266 (2021 census)[1] |
Jarrakan
| |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | gia |
| Glottolog | kitj1240 |
| AIATSIS[2] | K20 |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Template:Infobox language/lingualist | |
| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Kija is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. | |
Page Template:Infobox/styles-images.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".
Gija (variously spelled Kija, Kitja, Gidja[3]) is an Australian Aboriginal language today spoken by about 200 people, most of whom live in the region from Halls Creek to Kununurra and west to Lansdowne and Tableland Stations in Western Australia. It is a member of the Jarragan language family, a non-Pama-Nyungan family in the East Kimberley.[3] The Argyle Diamond Mine, on the south-western corner of Lake Argyle, is on the borders of Gija and Miriwoong country. The Purnululu National Park (Gija orthography: 'Boornoolooloo'[3]), which contains the Bungle Bungle Range, is located mostly in Gija country.
Kuluwarrang and Walgi may have been dialects.
Phonology
Consonants
| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Dental | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Stop | p | k | t̪ | c | t | ʈ |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | n̪ | ɲ | n | ɳ |
| Lateral | ʎ | l | ɭ | |||
| Rhotic | r | ɻ | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
- Voiceless stops /p, k, t̪, c, t, ʈ/ can have voiced allophones [b, ɡ, d̪, ɟ, d, ɖ] when in intervocalic positions or when following nasals or liquid consonants. They can also be heard as unreleased when in word-final position.
- /p, k/ can also be heard as fricatives [β, ɣ] in intervocalic positions or when following liquid consonants.
- /t̪/ can freely be heard as an affricate [t̪θ] when in initial positions, and also be heard as either voiced fricative [ð] or affricate [d̪ð] sounds when in intervocalic positions.
- /t, ʈ/ can be heard as flap sounds [ɾ, ɽ] when in intervocalic positions.
- /r/ can have a voiced flap sound [ɾ] when in intervocalic positions. In word-final positions, it has a voiceless trill [r̥] allophone.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | ɨ | u |
| Low | a aː |
| Phoneme | Allophones |
|---|---|
| /i/ | [i], [ɪ] |
| /ɨ/ | [ɨ], [ɯ] |
| /u/ | [u], [ʊ] |
| /a/ | [ä], [e], [ʌ], [ɔ] |
See also
- Frances Kofod; Eileen Bray; Rusty Peters; Joe Blythe; Anna Crane et al. (2022). Gija Dictionary. 1st edn. Canberra, ACT: Aboriginal Studies Press. Template:ISBN.
- Template:Cite Q
References
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."SBS Australian Census Explorer". Retrieved 8 September 2023.
- ^ K20 Gija at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kofod, Frances; Bray, Eileen; Peters, Rusty (2022). Gija Dictionary (1st ed.). Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press. ISBN 978-1-922752-10-9.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Blythe, J. Yuwurriyangem Kijam (our Language Kija): a Phrasebook of the Kija Language. Halls Creek: Kimberley Language Resource Centre.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kofod, F. M. (1996). Introduction to the Kija Language. Halls Creek: Kimberley Language Resource Centre.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kofod, F. M. (2016). Gija~Kija-English Dictionary. Warmun: Warmun Arts.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Taylor, P.; Taylor, J. (1971). "A tentative statement of Kitja phonology". Papers on the Languages of Australian Aboriginals: 100–19.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Taylor, P.; Hudson, J. (1976). "Metamorphosis and Process in Kija". Talanya. 3: 25–36.
External links
- Bibliography of Kija people and language resources, at the Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
Template:Australian Aboriginal languages
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Authority control/config' not found.
