Greensted
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| Greensted | |
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| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Ongar |
| Postcode district | CM5 |
| Dialling code | 01277 |
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| Police | Essex |
| Fire | Essex |
| Ambulance | East of England |
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Greensted is a small village in the civil parish of Ongar, in the Epping Forest District of Essex, England. It was formerly a separate civil parish, but was merged into Ongar in 1965. It remains an ecclesiastical parish under the name Greensted-juxta-Ongar. The small settlement of Greensted itself is on Greensted Road, approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) to the west of Chipping Ongar; a little further west is Greensted Green. Greensted Church is reputedly one of the oldest surviving wooden churches in the world, dating back to Saxon times.
Toponymy
The name Greensted is Old English and means "green place".[1] The spellings Greenstead and Greensted were historically used interchangeably; in the 19th century, government accounts used Greenstead,[2] but the Ordnance Survey used the spelling Greensted, which has come to be the modern spelling.[3]
Whereas the civil parish was just called Greensted,[3] the ecclesiastical parish is officially called Greensted-juxta-Ongar, juxta coming from the Latin iuxta meaning "alongside".[4]
History
Greensted was an ancient parish in the Ongar Hundred of Essex.[5] The main settlement in the parish was at Greensted Green to the west. The small settlement of Greensted itself was essentially a manorial complex comprising the medieval manor house of Greensted Hall,[6] the adjoining parish church, and a couple of other houses. The parish also included at its eastern end part of the town of Chipping Ongar.[7]
A church is known to have existed at Greensted from Saxon times. Archaeological excavations under the current church have found evidence of earlier timber buildings from the 6th and 7th centuries.[8] The body of Edmund the Martyr, King of East Anglia, reputedly rested in the church in 1013 whilst being taken to its final burial place at Bury St Edmunds.[9]
The current church building, dedicated to St Andrew, is said to be the oldest surviving wooden church in the world.[8] It is unclear exactly when the current building was built; dendrochronology work in the early 1960s estimated the timbers of the nave were felled around the year 845, but further work in 1995 cast doubt on that dating and suggested a felling date a few years either side of 1053.[10][11] The church was featured on a British postage stamp issued in April 1972.[12]
The civil parish was abolished in 1965, becoming part of the parish of Ongar.[13] At the 1961 census (the last before the abolition of the civil parish), Greensted had a population of 711.[14] Most of that population lived in housing estates on the western edge of Chipping Ongar.[7]
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Greensted". Key to English Place-Names. University of Nottingham. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Accounts and Papers of the House of Commons: Volume 53. 1868. p. 118. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Essex Sheet LI, 1881". National Library of Scotland. Ordnance Survey. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Greensted Church". A Church near you. The Church of England. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Greenstead Parish". A Vision of Britain through Time. GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Powell, W. R., ed. (1956). A History of the County of Essex: Volume 4. London: Victoria County History. pp. 58–59. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Greensted Church: About us". A Church near you. The Church of England. Retrieved 31 October 2025.
- ^ Hadfield, J. (1970). The Shell Guide to England. London: Michael Joseph.
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."British Archaeology, no 10, December 1995: News". Archived from the original on 7 August 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2006.
- ^ Stanley Gibbons Stamp Catalogue (1982), Part 1: British Commonwealth. London: Stanley Gibbons Publications Ltd., p GB 24.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Relationships and changes Greenstead AP/CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Population statistics Greenstead AP/CP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
External links
- Page Template:Sister-inline/styles.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Sister project logo". Media related to Script error: No such module "Commons link". at Wikimedia Commons
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