Gulbene
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Gulbene | |
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Town | |
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| Country | Latvia |
| District | Gulbene Municipality |
| Town rights | 1928 |
| Government | |
| • Chairman of the Municipality Council | Andis Caunītis |
| Area | |
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| • Land | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
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| Population | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population | |
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| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | LV-4401 |
| Calling code | +371 644 |
| Number of city council members | 11 |
| Climate | Dfb |
| Website | www |
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Gulbene (Audio file "Lv-Gulbene.ogg" not found; Template:Langx) is a town in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It is the administrative center of Gulbene Municipality.[1][2]
History
Historical documents first mention the 1224 land division act between the Order of the Sword Brothers and the Archbishop of Riga.[3] In the 14th century, the Archbishop built a stone castle around which a populated place was formed.
The Evangelical Lutheran church (Brivības iela 13) was built on the ancient Latgalian castle mound in place of the later Middle Age brick castle from 1838.–1843. The church is built in the classical style.
Vecgulbene (Old Gulbene) estate complex was built in the middle and second half of the 19th century not far off the church. The most significant buildings are the White Palace (Brivības iela 12), the Red Palace (Parka iela 1) and the magazine granary (Brivības iela 9). Both palaces have been destroyed and rebuilt several times. Since 1924 the elementary school of the city occupies the Red Palace. Since 2004, the Administration of Stradi Parish occupies a part of the palace.
After the construction of the Stukmani to Valka narrow-gauge railway in 1903 and subsequent broad-gauge line construction during World War I, Vecgulbene was established as an important railway junction, and in 1920 it was given the rights of a small village. During the first period of Latvian independence, besides those employed by the railways, small business, trades and crafts were the most important economic activities in the town. Gulbene was heavily damaged during the last years of World War II. After the war, during the Soviet occupation, Gulbene initially became a district, and later, in 1950, a regional centre. In the 1960s and 1970s branches of several major industrial companies were established in the city. Local enterprise was mainly involved with wood processing.
The most architecturally significant building in the area is the passenger building at Gulbene railway station, built in 1926 by the well-known professor of architecture Peteris Feders (1868–1936). It is one of the largest and most magnificent railway station buildings in Latvia.
1999 massacre
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". On 22nd February, 1999 3 children & a staff were hacked to death & another staff member left with serious injuries after an attack with a meat cleaver by a 19-year-old Alexander Koryakov. All of the victims were Russian speakers. This attack was one of the worst attacks in Latvian history. The trial began on 29 November 1999, and Koryakov was sentenced to life imprisonment.[4][5][6][7]
Geography
There is one major town in the Gulbene municipality, and the region is separated into 13 smaller rural parishes. Gulbene is being developed as an environmentally-friendly territory.[citation needed]
Climate
Gulbene has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb). Gulbene has a cold and long winter, a warm and short summer, and a fleeting spring and autumn. Winters are often below Template:Cvt. In the cold waves of 1940, 1956, 1978, 1985 and 1987, there were low temperatures below Template:Cvt, and even extremely cold weather approaching Template:Cvt. In mid-summer there will be warm weather exceeding Template:Cvt, and sometimes there will be high temperatures exceeding Template:Cvt. The monthly averages range from −6 °C (21 °F) to 18 °C (64 °F), whereas all-time extremes range from −39.0 °C (−38.2 °F) on 16 January 1940 to 33.8 °C (92.8 °F) on 11 August 1992. Script error: No such module "weather box".
Demographics
Within existing limits, according to CSB data.[11]
Population changes
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Colors= id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9) id:darkgrey value:gray(0.3) id:sfondo value:rgb(1,1,1) id:barra value:rgb(0.664, 0.664, 0.930) ImageSize = width:400 height:180 PlotArea = left:44 bottom:27 top:20 right:10 DateFormat = x.y Period = from:0 till:15000 TimeAxis = orientation:vertical AlignBars = justify ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:10000 start:0 ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:5000 start:0 BackgroundColors = canvas:sfondo TextData = pos:(200,20) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"year" pos:(185,182) textcolor:black fontsize:M text:"population" BarData= bar:1930 text:1930 bar:1931 bar:1932 bar:1933 bar:1934 bar:1935 bar:1936 bar:1937 bar:1938 bar:1939 bar:1940 text:1940 bar:1941 bar:1942 bar:1943 bar:1944 bar:1945 bar:1946 bar:1947 bar:1948 bar:1949 bar:1950 text:1950 bar:1951 bar:1952 bar:1953 bar:1954 bar:1955 bar:1956 bar:1957 bar:1958 bar:1959 bar:1960 text:1960 bar:1961 bar:1962 bar:1963 bar:1964 bar:1965 bar:1966 bar:1967 bar:1968 bar:1969 bar:1970 text:1970 bar:1971 bar:1972 bar:1973 bar:1974 bar:1975 bar:1976 bar:1977 bar:1978 bar:1979 bar:1980 text:1980 bar:1981 bar:1982 bar:1983 bar:1984 bar:1985 bar:1986 bar:1987 bar:1988 bar:1989 bar:1990 text:1990 bar:1991 bar:1992 bar:1993 bar:1994 bar:1995 bar:1996 bar:1997 bar:1998 bar:1999 bar:2000 text:2000 bar:2001 bar:2002 bar:2003 bar:2004 bar:2005 bar:2006 bar:2007 bar:2008 bar:2009 bar:2010 text:2010 bar:2011 bar:2012 bar:2013 bar:2014 bar:2015 bar:2016 bar:2017 bar:2018 bar:2019 bar:2020 text:2020 bar:2021 bar:2022 bar:2023 bar:2024 bar:2025 bar:2026 bar:2027 bar:2028 bar:2029 bar:2030 text:2030 PlotData= color:barra width:5 align:left bar:1935 from: 0 till:3819 bar:1959 from: 0 till:7178 bar:1970 from: 0 till:8722 bar:1979 from: 0 till:9484 bar:1989 from: 0 till:10346 bar:2000 from: 0 till:9620 bar:2011 from: 0 till:8314 bar:2021 from: 0 till:7040</timeline> | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tourism
The Gulbenes Regional History and Art Museum displays one of the most valuable relics of Latvian museums – a chair designed by Julius Madernieks (1870–1955) made in the 1920s. Julius Madernieks was the founder of Latvian professional applied art born in Vecgulbenes parish and being notable person in city Gulbene.
Sports
The Gulbene municipality's biggest rivers (Gauja, Tirza and Pededze) are currently popular locations for nature tourism and water-sports, but once these were famous places for harvesting river-pearls. Cycling is enjoyed on local country paths.
Gulbene has a basketball team, Gulbenes Buki, playing in the higher division of the Latvian basketball league.
Media
The Gulbene region is served by a newspaper, Dzirkstele.[12][13]
Gallery
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Gulbene Railway Station
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Red Castle of Gulbene
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Building on the Vidus street in Gulbene
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War of independence Monument in Gulbene
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Lutheran church
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Church of the Most Holy Sacrament
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Gulbene Police Station
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Park with a fountain
Twin towns
Notable people
- Augusts Malvess (1878–1951), architect
- Gido Kokars (1921–2017), conductor, choirmaster
- Imants Kokars (1921–2011), conductor, choirmaster
- Inguna Sudraba (born 1964), politician
- Arvis Piziks (born 1969), cyclist
- Anmary (born 1980), singer
- Madara Līduma (born 1982), biathlete
- Edgars Maskalāns (born 1982), bobsledder
- Intars Dambis (born 1983), bobsledder
- Jānis Paipals (born 1983), cross-country skier
- Daumants Dreiškens (born 1984), bobsledder
- Rolands Freimanis (born 1988), basketball player
See also
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References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Gulbenes novads – Gulbene Municipality". Gulbene.lv. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Discover Gulbene! | Your tourist guide to Gulbene District!". VisitGulbene.lv. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Gulbene". Vle.lt. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Youth held over brutal deaths at nursery school". The Baltic Times. 25 February 1999. Retrieved 3 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Teacher and 3 children killed – The Irish Times". The Irish Times. 23 February 1999. Retrieved 3 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Gulbene murder trial begins". The Baltic Times. 2 December 1999. Retrieved 3 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."20 gadi pēc traģēdijas – Gulbenes melnā diena – 22.februāris". Dzirkstele.lv. 22 February 2019. Retrieved 3 October 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Klimatisko normu dati". Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre. Archived from the original on January 13, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Gaisa temperatūras rekordi". Latvian Environment, Geology and Meteorology Centre. Archived from the original on January 13, 2023. Retrieved March 27, 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991–2020". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Iedzīvotāji pēc dzimuma un vecuma grupām reģionos, novados, pilsētās, pagastos, ciemos (atbilstoši robežām 2023. gada sākumā), apkaimēs un blīvi apdzīvotās teritorijās (eksperimentālā statistika) 2000 – 2022". Central Statistical Bureau of Latvia. 2023-03-27. Retrieved 2023-03-27.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Gulbenes novads". Dzirkstele.lv (in latviešu). Retrieved 19 June 2022.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Laikraksts Dzirkstele". 307.lv (in latviešu). Retrieved 19 June 2022.
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