Guyuan

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Guyuan
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Kuyuan; Kuyüan
Prefecture-level city
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Xumishan grottoes
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Guyuan City (yellow) within Ningxia
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CountryPeople's Republic of China
RegionNingxia
Municipal seatYuanzhou District
Area
 • Total
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Elevation
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Population
 (2007)
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Population
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 • Total
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GDP (nominal) Template:Normal
 • TotalCN¥ 48.8 billion
US$ 6.8 billion
 • Per capitaCN¥ 42,800
US$ 5,992
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
756000
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ISO 3166 codeCN-NX-04
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Websitewww.nxgy.gov.cn

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File:Du Halde - Description de la Chine - Villes de second ordre de la province de Chensi.jpg
"Cou-yuen-tcheou" and other "second-order" towns of Shaan-Gan from Du Halde's 1736 Description of China, based on reports from Jesuit missionaries

Guyuan (Chinese: 固原; pinyin: Gùyuán Audio file "Gu4yuan2.ogg" not found), formerly known as Xihaigu (Chinese: 西海固; pinyin: xīhǎigù, Xiao'erjing: قُ‌يُوًا شِ) or Dayuan (大原),[1] is a prefecture-level city in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. It occupies the southernmost section of the region, bordering Gansu province to the east, south, and due west. This is also the site of Mount Sumeru Grottoes (Script error: No such module "Lang".), which is among the ten most famous grottoes in China.[2] As of the end of 2018, the total resident population in Guyuan was 1,124,200.[3] At the end of 2024, the city's resident population was 1,140,800, a decrease of 6,900 compared with the end of the previous year. Among them, the resident population in urban areas was 535,600, accounting for 46.95% of the resident population (the urbanization rate of the resident population), an increase of 1.29 percentage points over the end of the previous year.[4]

History

Guyuan is the oldest city in Ningxia, being established in 114 BC as Gaoping, capital of Anding Commandery.[5] It was a stop on the Northern Silk Road.[6]

During the Warring States Period, Guyuan belonged to the territory of Qin state, later Qin Dynasty. The original name of the city began in the Ming dynasty (1452 AD). Because of the importance of its transportation in history, Guyuan was a war gate where Chinese soldiers trained and prepared to fight with northwestern minorities. In the Tang dynasty, most of the dealers from middle Asia need to go through this gate, then went to the capital, Chang’an.[7]

According to the First Founder's Biography in History of Yuan Dynasty, Genghis Khan died in Liupan Mountain in Guyuan in 1227 AD, after a war with the Xixia dynasty for two decades.[8]

Most remains of the ancient city, including a bell tower,[9] were destroyed during the 1970s to build an air-raid shelter,[10] with only parts of the old city wall remaining.[11]

Economy

As of 2025, Guyuan had a GDP of Template:CNY (US$6.833 billion) and a GDP per capita of Template:CNY (Template:US$).[12]

Liupanshan National Forest Park

Liupanshan National Forest Park is one of the most important features of Guyuan, with more than 530 species of wild medicinal plants. There are a number of diversified animals inhabited in the forest, for instance, the national first-class protected animal golden leopard, the third-class protected animal forest musk deer, golden eagle, and red-bellied golden pheasant.[13]

Administrative divisions

Map
Name Hanzi Hanyu Pinyin Xiao'erjing Population (2003 est.) Area (km2) Density (/km2)
Yuanzhou District Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.ﻳُﻮًاﺟِﻮْ ٿِيُوِ‎ 490,000 4,965 99
Xiji County Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.ثِ‌ڭِ ثِيًا‎ 460,000 3,985 115
Longde County Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.ﻟْﻮدْ ثِيًا‎ 190,000 1,269 150
Jingyuan County Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.ڭٍْ‌يُوًا ثِيًا‎ 120,000 961 125
Pengyang County Script error: No such module "Lang". Script error: No such module "lang". Page Template:Script/styles arabic.css has no content.پٍْ‌يَانْ ثِيًا‎ 250,000 3,241 77

Geography and climate

Guyuan has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwb), with long, cold, dry winters, and warm, rainier summers. With temperatures cooled by the elevation that exceeds 1,770 metres (5,810 ft), highs average slightly below freezing in January and reach only 25 °C (77 °F) in July. Much of the year's precipitation is delivered from June to September.

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Transportation

The city is served by Guyuan Liupanshan Airport, though travelers may also choose Zhongwei Xiangshan Airport and Yinchuan Hedong International Airport as well. The G70 Fuzhou–Yinchuan Expressway passes through the area on its way to the regional capital of Yinchuan.

As there is no high-speed railways to Guyuan, one of the fastest ways to travel[<span title="Script error: No such module "decodeEncode".">citation needed] to Guyuan from a major city is an approximately 4-hour drive from Yinchuan, which is actually faster than traveling by train, which takes at least 5 hours[<span title="Script error: No such module "decodeEncode".">citation needed].

References

  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.徐锟. "宁夏固原市委书记滑志敏 让我们相约固原". cn.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Guyuan Travel Guide: Location, Things to Do, Weather, Map". www.travelchinaguide.com.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.固原市2018年国民经济和社会发展统计公报 - 中国统计信息网. www.tjcn.org.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."(宁夏回族自治区)固原市2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报-红黑统计公报库". tjgb.hongheiku.com. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."历史的眷顾：古城宁夏六宗"最"_宁夏民风民俗_新疆旅行网". www.xjlxw.com. Retrieved 2024-09-01.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."固原市第四次全国文物普查领导小组办公室致全市人民的一封信". 2024-05-17.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.历史沿革_固原市政府. Guyuan People's Government. 2017-08-25.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.国学原典·史部·二十四史系列·元史·卷一. www.guoxue.com.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.《固原丝路风物》编委会编 (2020-12-01). 固原丝路风物 (in 中文). Beijing Book Co. Inc. ISBN 978-7-5544-4191-6.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.《固原丝路风物》编委会编 (2020-12-01). 固原丝路风物 (in 中文). Beijing Book Co. Inc. ISBN 978-7-5544-4191-6.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.银川市新闻传媒集团编 (2018-08-01). 文化地图 (in 中文). Beijing Book Co. Inc. ISBN 978-7-227-06922-5.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."2025年宁夏各市GDP数据公布，中卫市GDP增速最高" [2025 GDP data for all cities in Ningxia released; Zhongwei City has the highest GDP growth rate.]. Sohu. 6 March 2026. Retrieved 2026-05-10.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.自然地理_固原市政府. Guyuan People's Government. 2017-08-25.
  14. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in 中文（简体）). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.固原 - 气象数据 -中国天气网 (in 中文). Weather China. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  • Afarther - A year-long commentary and photos of life in Guyuan by Allister Klingensmith

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