Ha language
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| Ha | |
|---|---|
| Script error: No such module "Lang". | |
| Native to | Tanzania |
| Ethnicity | Abaha |
Native speakers | (990,000 cited 2001)[1] |
| Latin (proposed)[2] | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | haq |
| Glottolog | haaa1252 |
JD.66[3] | |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
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| People | Abaha |
|---|---|
| Language | Igiha |
| Country | Buha |
Ha, also known with the Bantu language prefix as Giha, Igiha, or Kiha, is a Bantu language spoken by the Ha people of the Kigoma Region of Tanzania, spoken on the eastern side of Lake Tanganyika up to the headwaters of the Mikonga. It is closely related to the languages of Rwanda and Burundi; neighboring dialects are reported to be mutually intelligible with Kirundi.[4]
Phonology
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labio- dental |
Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | t | k | |||
| voiced | b | d | ɟ | ɡ | |||
| Affricate | p͡f | t͡s | t͡ʃ | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | s | ʃ | h | ||
| voiced | (β) | v | z | ||||
| Tap | ɾ | ||||||
| Approximant | (l) | j | w | ||||
- Script error: No such module "IPA". is heard as Script error: No such module "IPA". among different dialects in free variation.
- Script error: No such module "IPA". can be heard as either Script error: No such module "IPA". or Script error: No such module "IPA". in complementary distribution.[2]
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i iː | u uː | |
| Mid | e eː | o oː | |
| Low | a aː |
Further reading
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bichwa, Saul S. (2018). "The Role of Prosodic Units in the Study of Giha" (PDF). Arusha Working Papers in African Linguistics. 1 (1): 81–90.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Harjula, Lotta (2004). The Ha language of Tanzania: Grammar, texts and vocabulary. Köln: Rudiger Köppe. ISBN 3-89645-027-1.
References
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- ^ Ha at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Harjula, Lotta (2006). "Designing orthography for the Ha language". Studia Orientalia Electronica. 103. Helsinki: Finnish Oriental Soc.: 173–184.
- ^ Jouni Filip Maho, 2009. New Updated Guthrie List Online
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Shyirambere, Spiridion (1979). "Le français au Rwanda et au Burundi". In Valdman, Albert; Chaudenson, Robert; Manessy, Gabriel (eds.). Le Français hors de France. Paris: Editions Honoré Champion. pp. 473–492. The "zone of intercomprehension" is also reported to include KinyaRwanda, Hima and Luganda, and several other local languages.
External links
- Bible recordings in Ha Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- Brief overview of Ha
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