Hamina
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Hamina
Fredrikshamn | |
|---|---|
Town | |
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| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Clockwise from top-left: St. Mary's Church, the Reserve Officer School, the countryside of Husula neighbourhood, a view from the Sailor Pavilion towards Tervasaari and the historical Town Hall. | |
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| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Location of Hamina in Finland | |
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| Country |  Finland |
| Region | Kymenlaakso |
| Sub-region | Kotka-Hamina |
| Charter | 1653 |
| Named after | Frederick I of Sweden |
| Government | |
| • Town manager | Ilari Soosalu |
| Area | |
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| • Land | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
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| • Rank | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| Population | Template:Fix comma category |
| Population | |
• Total | Template:Fix comma category |
| • Rank | Template:Data Finland municipality |
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| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Template:Data Finland municipality | |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| Template:Data Finland municipality | |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| • Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Template:Pluralize from text | Template:Pluralize from text |
| Template:Data Finland municipality | Template:Data Finland municipality |
| Climate | Dfb |
| Website | www |
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Hamina (Script error: No such module "IPA".; Template:Langx, Script error: No such module "IPA"., Sweden Script error: No such module "IPA".) is a town and a municipality of Finland. It is located in the Kymenlaakso region (formerly the province of Southern Finland), approximately 145 km (90 mi) east of the country's capital Helsinki and approximately 25 km (16 mi) of Kotka, the regional capital of Kymenlaakso.
The municipality's population is 19,113 (as of 31 December 2025)[1] and covers an area of 1,155.14 square kilometres (446.00 sq mi), of which 545.66 km2 (210.68 sq mi) is water.[2] The population density is 31.34 inhabitants per square kilometre (81.2/sq mi). The population of the central town is approximately 10,000. The municipal language of Hamina is Finnish.
Highway 7 (E18) is the town's road connection to Helsinki, after it was upgraded to a continuous motorway in September 2014. Hamina is also the base of one of the most important harbors of Finland, the Port of Hamina-Kotka. The port specializes in forest products and the transit of cargo to Russia. One of Google's five European data centers is situated in Hamina.[3]
History
Vehkalahti was as a municipality first mentioned in 1336. At the proposal of Count Per Brahe, the area surrounding the Vehkalahti church (today St. Mary's Church) received its charter in 1653 through the establishment of Vehkalahden Uusikaupunki (Veckelax Nystad in Swedish, "The New Town of Vehkalahti"). The town was later destroyed during the Great Northern War in 1712.[4]
As the commercially vibrant city of Vyborg was lost to Russia in 1721, Fredrikshamn (named in 1723 in the honor of King Frederick I of Sweden) was dedicated to replace it.[5] The town, hitherto a small domestic port with restricted trading privilege's, was granted extensive rights to conduct foreign trade. The Finnish speaking population soon abbreviated the name of the town to Hamina. The reconstruction of the town was completed between 1722 and 1724. The star-shaped fortress and the circular town plan, designed by Axel Löwen, were based on Central European and Italian Renaissance concepts from the 16th century.[4] Fortress towns with a circular street plan like this are quite rare; one example is Palmanova in Italy.[6]
In 1743, Hamina was surrendered to Russia, after the Russo–Swedish War, 1741–1743, and the town of Loviisa was the next Swedish candidate for an Eastern-Finnish trade center. Hamina became a Russian frontier town, for which a fortress was desirable.
The Treaty of Fredrikshamn (1809), by which Sweden ceded Finland, including parts of the province of Lappland and Åland, was signed in Hamina. Thus Sweden was split, and the eastern half was formed into the Grand Duchy of Finland, an autonomous part of the Russian Empire. In 1812, the previously conquered territories known as Old Finland (including Hamina) were joined to the Grand Duchy.
Hamina Cadet School was founded in 1819 and was in operation until 1903. One of the most famous students of this school was young Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim (1867–1951), later known as the Marshal of Finland.[7] In 1920 the Reserve Officer School began in the same facilities.
Because the town was founded next to the Vehkalahti Church, the municipal center had always been inside the town borders. Vehkalahti and Hamina were consolidated in 2003, and the old coat of arms was replaced with Vehkalahti's coat of arms. The old coat of arms was readopted in January 2013.[8]
Results of the 2021 Finnish municipal elections, resulted in The Finns Party being the largest group on Hamina council, in Hamina.[9]
Main sights
- Town Hall: Originally built in 1798, it was renovated by Carl Ludvig Engel in 1840.
- Reserve Officer School: The site which trains reserve officers in the Army Academy of the Finnish Army
- Town Museum: It is located in a building where King Gustav III of Sweden and Empress Catherine II of Russia met in 1783.[10]
- Shopkeeper's Museum
- Google Data Center: (former Stora Enso pulp factory)
- Hamina Fortress: Built in the 18th century, it is one of the star forts in Finland. The corners of the fortress form six bastions, named after towns in Finland. The Central Bastion was added at the end of the 18th century, and is currently used for cultural events.
Churches
- St. Mary's Church, previously known as Vehkalahti Church, is the oldest building in Kymenlaakso. It was originally built in the Middle Ages, but it was burnt in 1821 and the current neoclassical exterior is designed by Carl Ludvig Engel and completed in 1828. The church has a museum dedicated to the church life from the 18th century onwards.[11][12]
- St. John's Church, formerly known as Hamina Church, was built between 1841-1843. It was designed by Carl Ludvig Engel in the neoclassical style.[13]
- Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, the Orthodox church in Hamina, was built in 1837. It was designed by Italian-French architect Louis Visconti. The architecture of the church is combination of neoclassical and Byzantine elements.[14]
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The orthodox church of Peter and Paul
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Aerial view of the town
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Central bastion of the fortress
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The town museum
Sports
The pesäpallo club Haminan Palloilijat fields teams in both the men's and women's Superpesis national league, playing at Rampart Field.
Culture
Food
In the 1980s, sauerkraut soup, baked lingonberry porridge and läskisoosi were named Hamina's traditional parish dishes.[15]
In popular culture
Hamina has served as a source of inspiration for Antti Leinonen, the developer of the video game Road to Vostok; the environment of Hamina and the rest of Southeast Finland was modeled for the game.[16]
Twin towns
- Denmark Vordingborg, Denmark[17]
- Sweden Falun, Sweden
- Estonia Paide, Estonia
- Norway Røros, Norway[18]
Notable people
- Magnus Enckell (1870–1925), symbolist painter
- Simo Häyhä (1905–2002), a farmer and military sniper
- Tapani Kansa (1949–2025), a singer
- Pelle Miljoona (born 1955), a musician
- Hugo Simberg (1873–1917), a painter
- Emilie Mechelin (1838–1917), opera singer and pedagogue
- Leo Mechelin (1839–1914), a professor, statesman, senator and liberal reformer
- Keke Rosberg (born 1949), racing driver
- Meri Toppelius (1863–1896), educational theorist
See also
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Population by municipality as of 31 December 2008". Population Information System (in suomi and svenska). Population Register Center of Finland. Archived from the original on 2010-12-02. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
total_areawas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Hamina Data Center - Google Data centers
- ^ a b Hamina
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lindberg, Johan (May 26, 2016). "Finlands historia: 1700-talet". Uppslagsverket Finland (in svenska). Retrieved November 30, 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kopomaa, Timo (2005). "Kriisioloihin varautunut kaupunki" (PDF). Yhdyskuntasuunnittelu (in suomi). 43 (2). Helsinki: Yhdyskuntasuunnittelun seura ry (The Finnish Society of Housing and Planning): 6–26. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 25 January 2009.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jägerskiöld, Stig (1965). Nuori Mannerheim [Young Mannerheim] (in suomi).
- ^ Haminan vaakuna vaihtuu - Haminan kaupunki (in Finnish) Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Finns Party gains, NCP top as turnout dips in Finnish local elections". 13 June 2021.
- ^ Hamina
- ^ Hurmaava Hamina - The 15th century church of St Mary and church Museum Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Churches in Finland". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-02-26.
- ^ Hurmaava Hamina - Church Of St John Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ^ Hurmaava Hamina - The Orthodox Church Of St Peter and St Paul Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kolmonen, Jaakko (1988). Kotomaamme ruoka-aitta: Suomen, Karjalan ja Petsamon pitäjäruoat (in suomi). Helsinki: Patakolmonen. p. 99. ISBN 951-96047-3-1.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Viitanen, Tommi (7 February 2024). "Yhden miehen pitkä taival itärajan taakse – Haastattelussa Road to Vostokia työstävä Antti Leinonen" (in suomi). KonsoliFIN. Retrieved 13 April 2026.
- ^ Vordingborg Kommune har 17 venskabsbyer Script error: No such module "webarchive".
- ^ Hurmaava Hamina - Info Script error: No such module "webarchive".
External links
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- Official website of Hamina
- Guide map of Hamina
- Map of Hamina
- Hamina-Fredrikshamn at Northern Fortress
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