Harlem River
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| Harlem River | |
|---|---|
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| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. The Harlem River, shown in yellow, between the Bronx and Manhattan in New York City. | |
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| Native name | Template:Native name checker |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| Municipality | New York City |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | East River |
• coordinates | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
• elevation | Template:Infobox river/calcunit |
| Length | Template:Infobox river/calcunit |
Basin size | Template:Infobox river/calcunit |
| • minimum | Template:Infobox river/calcunit |
| • average | Template:Infobox river/calcunit |
| • maximum | Template:Infobox river/calcunit |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries | |
| • left | Bronx Kill |
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The Harlem River is an 8-mile (13 km) tidal strait in New York City, flowing between the Hudson River and the East River. It separates the island of Manhattan from the Bronx on the United States mainland.
The northern stretch, also called the Spuyten Duyvil ("spewing devil") Creek, has been significantly altered for navigation purposes. Originally it curved around the north of Marble Hill, but in 1895 the Harlem Ship Canal was dug between Manhattan and Marble Hill, and in 1914 the original course was filled in.
Use
Harlem River Drive and Harlem River Greenway run along the west bank of the river, and the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line and Major Deegan Expressway on the east.
The Harlem River was the traditional rowing course for New York, analogous to the Charles River in Boston and the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia. On the Harlem's banks is the boathouse for the Columbia University crew, and the river is the home course for the university's crew. Since 1952, a large flat rock face, called the "(Big) C Rock" has been painted with Columbia's varsity "C".[1] Also on the river are the Peter Jay Sharp Boathouse and Harlem River Community Rowing, two community rowing facilities. The river is used by crews from New York University, Fordham University, and Manhattan University, though the only university with permanent facilities on the river is Columbia.[citation needed]
Historically, the west bank of the Harlem River was also an amusement destination. The area between 190th and 192nd Streets was occupied by the Fort George Amusement Park, a trolley park/amusement park, from 1895 to 1914. Its site is now a seating area in Highbridge Park.[2] In the 1890s, the City of New York built a racetrack for horses, the Harlem River Speedway, along the riverbank of the park;[3] the project started construction in 1894[4] and opened in July 1898.[5] The Speedway later became the Harlem River Drive, and regular motorists were first allowed on the drive in 1919.[6]
Crossings
Template:Harlem River map The Harlem River is spanned by seven swing bridges, four lift bridges, and four arch bridges,[7] and is navigable to any boat with less than 55 feet (17 m) of air draft. However, any boat requiring more than 5 feet (1.5 m) of clearance will require the Spuyten Duyvil Bridge to swing open. All other movable bridges on the Harlem River provide at least 24 feet (7.3 m) of clearance while closed, so boats and ships requiring between 5 and 24 feet (1.5 and 7.3 m) of clearance need only have one bridge swing open. These bridges replaced fixed bridges or lower bridges in the late 19th century to improve navigation. High Bridge was erected between 1837 and 1848 to carry the Croton Aqueduct across the river. It is the oldest bridge in New York City.
The New York City Department of Transportation advises that while they make every effort to ensure that all bridges are operating, many of them are under repair at any time, and outside contractors are responsible for opening of bridges under repair.
| Crossing | Image | Carries | Location | Coordinates |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wards Island Bridge | File:Wards Island Bridge 20070902-jag9889.jpg File:Wards Island Bridge 20111202-jag9889.jpg
Top: closed position |
Pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and Wards Island | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Robert F. Kennedy Triboro Lift Bridge (Harlem Lift Bridge) | File:RFK Triboro Lift Bridge 20070902-jag9889.jpg | NY State Route 900G (6 road lanes) | Manhattan and Randall's Island | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Willis Avenue Bridge | bottom: 2010 bridge |
Northbound auto traffic; Pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Third Avenue Bridge | File:Third Avenue Bridge 20090530-jag9889.jpg | Southbound auto traffic; Pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Lexington Avenue Tunnel | IRT Lexington Avenue Line ("4" train"5" train"6" train"6" express train trains) | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. | |
| Park Avenue Bridge | File:Park Avenue Bridge 20160917-jag9889.jpg | Metro-North Railroad | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Madison Avenue Bridge | File:Madison Avenue Bridge 20060916-jag9889.jpg | Southbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| 149th Street Tunnel | IRT White Plains Road Line ("2" train train) | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. | |
| 145th Street Bridge | File:145 Street Bridge 20090525-jag9889.jpg | Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Macombs Dam Bridge | File:Macombs Dam Bridge 20160917-jag9889.jpg | Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Concourse Tunnel | IND Concourse Line ("B" train"D" train trains) | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. | |
| Putnam Bridge (1881–1960) | Ninth Avenue El | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. | |
| High Bridge | File:High Bridge 20160917-jag9889.jpg | Pedestrian | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Alexander Hamilton Bridge | File:Alexander Hamilton Bridge 20090530-jag9889.jpg | File:I-95.svg Interstate 95 File:US 1.svg U.S. Route 1 |
Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Washington Bridge | File:Washington Bridge 20090530-jag9889.jpg | Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| University Heights Bridge | File:University Heights Bridge 20060916-jag9889.jpg | Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Broadway Bridge | File:Broadway Bridge 20070902-jag9889.jpg | File:US 9.svg US 9 IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line ("1" train train) |
Manhattan Island and Marble Hill, Manhattan | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Henry Hudson Bridge | File:Henry Hudson Bridge 20171010-jag9889.jpg | File:NY-9A.svg NY 9A File:Henry Hudson Pkwy Shield free.svg Henry Hudson Parkway |
Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
| Spuyten Duyvil Bridge | File:Spuyten Duyvil Bridge 20120706-jag9889.jpg | Amtrak Empire Connection | Manhattan and the Bronx | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
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See also
References
Notes
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- ^ Alma's Owl (pseudonym), "Down by the 'C' Shore", "Ask Alma's Owl" column, Columbia University Record, 32:14:1 (June 11, 2007)
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martens, Victoria (August 1, 2019). "Fort George Amusement Park". Museum of the City of New York. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gray, Christopher (July 13, 1997). "A Roadway Built for the Elite to Trot Out Their Rigs". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."CHEERS FROM UNEMPLOYED; 1,500 SAW MAYOR GILROY BEGIN WORK ON THE SPEEDWAY. Hundreds of Idle Workmen Gathered in the Hope of Getting Work, but Active Construction of the Drive Will Not Begin Until To-day or To-morrow – The Mayor Made a Short Speech of Congratulation – Stories Told by Unemployed". The New York Times. February 6, 1894. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."HARLEM SPEEDWAY OPENED; Pronounced by Horsemen to be the Finest Driveway for Light Speeding in the Country. YESTERDAY THE FIRST DAY The Number Present at the Opening Hour Not Large, but Later in the Day Many More Arrived – Interesting Facts". The New York Times. July 3, 1898. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Robinson, Lauren (February 28, 2012). "How Harlem River Speedway Became Harlem River Drive". Museum of the City of New York.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Reier, Sharon (1977). The Bridges of New York. Dover Press.
Further reading
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Botella, Rodrigue Ruiz (October 27, 2019). Harlem River. ISBN 978-1-702-82578-8., a novel that highlights the Harlem River and its surroundings
External links
- Page Template:Sister-inline/styles.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Sister project logo". Media related to Script error: No such module "Commons link". at Wikimedia Commons
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