Help:IPA/Georgian

See Georgian phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Georgian.

Consonants
IPA	Mkh.	Aso.	Nus.	Ro.	English approximation
b^[1]	ბ	Ⴁ	ⴁ	b	bash
ɡ^[1]	გ	Ⴂ	ⴂ	g	gate
d^[1]	დ	Ⴃ	ⴃ	d	do
v	ვ	Ⴅ	ⴅ	v, w	van
ʷ^[2]	ვ	Ⴅ	ⴅ	v, w	quick
z	ზ	Ⴆ	ⴆ	z	zoo
tʰ	თ	Ⴇ	ⴇ	t	table
kʼ	კ	Ⴉ	ⴉ	kʼ	roughly like the unaspirated "k" in sky (but also ejective)^[3]
l^[4]	ლ	Ⴊ	ⴊ	l	leaf
m	მ	Ⴋ	ⴋ	m	much
n	ნ	Ⴌ	ⴌ	n	not
pʼ	პ	Ⴎ	ⴎ	pʼ	roughly like the unaspirated "p" in spy (but also ejective)^[3]
ʒ	ჟ	Ⴏ	ⴏ	zh	pleasure
r^[5]	რ	Ⴐ	ⴐ	r	Spanish río
s	ს	Ⴑ	ⴑ	s	sue
tʼ	ტ	Ⴒ	ⴒ	tʼ	roughly like the unaspirated "t" in sty (but also ejective)^[3]
pʰ	ფ	Ⴔ	ⴔ	p	pan
kʰ	ქ	Ⴕ	ⴕ	k	can
ʁ	ღ	Ⴖ	ⴖ	gh	Scottish English loch, but voiced. Cf. also guttural R,
χʼ^[6]	ყ	Ⴗ	ⴗ	xʼ	Dakota hã.χʼãna (ejective)^[3]
ʃ	შ	Ⴘ	ⴘ	sh	shoe
tʃʰ	ჩ	Ⴙ	ⴙ	ch	choose
tsʰ	ც	Ⴚ	ⴚ	ts, c	cats
dz	ძ	Ⴛ	ⴛ	dz	pads
tsʼ	წ	Ⴜ	ⴜ	tsʼ, cʼ	Navajo ts'in (ejective)^[3]
tʃʼ	ჭ	Ⴝ	ⴝ	chʼ	roughly like the unaspirated "ch" in question (but also ejective)^[3]
χ	ხ	Ⴞ	ⴞ	kh, x	Scottish loch; the English exclamation "ugh"
dʒ	ჯ	Ⴟ	ⴟ	j	hedge
h	ჰ	Ⴠ	ⴠ	h	head
Marginal consonants
f^[7]	ჶ	—	—	f	fan

Vowels
IPA	Mkh.	Aso.	Nus.	Ro.	English approximation
a	ა	Ⴀ	ⴀ	a	taco
e	ე	Ⴄ	ⴄ	e	let
i	ი	Ⴈ	ⴈ	i	feet
o	ო	Ⴍ	ⴍ	o	story
u	უ	Ⴓ	ⴓ	u	rule

Suprasegmentals
IPA	Explanation
ˈ	stress mark (placed before the stressed syllable)^[8]

Notes

^ ^a ^b ^c In word-final position, Script error: No such module "IPA". may be devoiced to Script error: No such module "IPA"..
^ Script error: No such module "IPA". is realized as [ʷ] after a consonant.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f The ejectives have no equivalent in English. The way that ejectives are sounded is by building up pressure in your throat, like when you sneeze, and then release the built-up air as you articulate the consonant where you normally would. So, Script error: No such module "IPA". and Script error: No such module "IPA". are articulated in the same place but the difference is whether you build up pressure or not.
^ Script error: No such module "IPA". has two allophones, velarized [ɫ] before back vowels Script error: No such module "IPA"., and plain [l] before front vowels Script error: No such module "IPA"..
^ Often realized as an alveolar tap [ɾ].
^ Script error: No such module "IPA". is commonly phonemicized as Script error: No such module "IPA"..
^ Script error: No such module "IPA". are allophones of Script error: No such module "IPA". before voiceless consonants.
^ In Georgian, word stress falls on the first syllable of a word [1][2]