Help:IPA/Turkish

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Template:IPA key

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Turkish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

For a more in-depth coverage of the sounds of Turkish, see Turkish phonology.

Consonants
IPA Example English
approximation
b Template:Error-small about
β Template:Error-small[1] like vase, but with both lips
c Template:Error-small[2] skew
d Template:Error-small ado
dʒ Template:Error-small jump
f Template:Error-small food
ɡ Template:Error-small[2] ago
ɟ Template:Error-small[2] argue
h Template:Error-small home
j Template:Error-small yes
k Template:Error-small[2] core
l Template:Error-small[3] million
ɫ Template:Error-small[2] tail
m Template:Error-small much
n Template:Error-small not
ɲ Template:Error-small[4] canyon
ŋ Template:Error-small[5] wing
p Template:Error-small pan
ɾ Template:Error-small AmE atom
s Template:Error-small send
ʃ Template:Error-small shoe
t Template:Error-small table
tʃ Template:Error-small change
v Template:Error-small[1] vase
z Template:Error-small zone
ʒ Template:Error-small leisure
Vowels
IPA Example English
approximation
a Template:Error-small father
æ Template:Error-small[6] cat
e Template:Error-small bed
i Template:Error-small creek
o Template:Error-small story
œ Template:Error-small somewhat like bird
u Template:Error-small cool
ɯ Template:Error-small somewhat like ribbon
y Template:Error-small somewhat like cue
Suprasegmentals
IPA Examples
ˈ torbalı Script error: No such module "IPA". 'with bag'
Torbalı Script error: No such module "IPA". (a place name)[7]
ː â, î, û,[8] ğ[9] oğlan Template:Error-small 'boy'

See also

Notes

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  1. ^ a b Script error: No such module "IPA". surfaces as [β] when either preceded or followed by a rounded vowel (but not when intervocalic).
  2. ^ a b c d e Script error: No such module "IPA"., Script error: No such module "IPA"., and Script error: No such module "IPA". contrast only in loanwords before ⟨â, û⟩ vs. ⟨a, u⟩. In native words, Script error: No such module "IPA". occur before front vowels (Script error: No such module "IPA".) and Script error: No such module "IPA". occur before back vowels (Script error: No such module "IPA".); word-finally or preconsonantally, Script error: No such module "IPA". occur after front vowels and Script error: No such module "IPA". occur after back vowels.
  3. ^ Script error: No such module "IPA". is more accurately described as palatalized postalveolar [ʎ̟], but it is conventionally transcribed with Template:Angbr IPA.
  4. ^ [ɲ] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [ɟ] and [c].
  5. ^ [ŋ] appears as an allophone of /n/ before the consonants [ɡ] and [k].
  6. ^ Allophone of Script error: No such module "IPA". before sonorants Script error: No such module "IPA". in the same syllable, and in the suffix -mez.
  7. ^ Native Turkish proper nouns are typically stressed on one of the last three syllables, and other words (excepting some words, certain unstressed suffixes and stressed verb tenses) are stressed on the last syllable (see Turkish phonology § Word-accent).
  8. ^ Düzeltme işareti (Turkish for "correction mark") ⟨ˆ⟩ is a sign which indicates both the vowel length and indicates if the letter ⟨k⟩ represents [c], the letter ⟨g⟩ represents [ɟ] or the letter ⟨l⟩ represents [l] before back vowels [a] and [u].
    Yet the düzeltme işareti is used primarily to indicate palatalization, instead of length. For example, the word Template:Wikt-lang means "murder" when it is pronounced as Script error: No such module "IPA"., but it means "killer" when it is pronounced as Script error: No such module "IPA".. The letter ⟨a⟩ is left unmarked even if it is long because the sound /k/ does not become /c/ in this case.
    ⟨î⟩ is an exception, as it indicates only the vowel length.
  9. ^ In Turkish, the letter ⟨ğ⟩ (also called yumuşak g, 'soft g') indicates a number of different sounds, depending on context:
    • in syllable-initial positions, is silent and indicates a syllable break, for example: ağır ('heavy') Script error: No such module "IPA"., ağa ('Agha') Script error: No such module "IPA"..
    • in other positions, indicates the lengthening of the preceding vowel, for example: dağ ('mountain') Script error: No such module "IPA"., doğru ('true') Script error: No such module "IPA"..
      • if the lengthened vowel is /e/, it sounds like [j], for example: eğlence ('fun') Script error: No such module "IPA".
    • in proper names where it may appear following a consonant, it is treated as a ⟨g⟩, for example: Olğun Script error: No such module "IPA".

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