Hunyad County
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". Template:DMCA
Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.
This article needs additional citations for verification. (June 2012) |
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.Page Template:Infobox former subdivision/styles.css has no content.
| Hunyad County Script error: No such module "native name". Script error: No such module "native name". Script error: No such module "native name". Script error: No such module "native name". | |
|---|---|
| County of the Kingdom of Hungary (1265–1526) County of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom (1526–1570) County of the Principality of Transylvania (1570–1867) County of the Kingdom of Hungary (1867–1920) | |
| Template:Infobox country/imagetable | |
| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. | |
| Capital | Déva |
| Area | Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content. |
| Page Template:Nobold/styles.css has no content. • Coordinates | Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found. |
• 1910 | Script error: No such module "ConvertIB". |
| Population | |
| Template:Infobox country/multirow | |
| Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content. | |
| History | |
| Template:Infobox country/multirow | |
| Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content. | |
| Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content. | |
| Today part of | Romania |
| Deva is the current name of the capital. | |
Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".
Hunyad (today mainly Hunedoara) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, of the Eastern Hungarian Kingdom and of the Principality of Transylvania. Its territory is now in Romania in Transylvania. The capital of the county was Déva (present-day Deva).
Geography
After 1876, Hunyad county shared borders with Romania and the Hungarian counties Krassó-Szörény, Arad, Torda-Aranyos, Alsó-Fehér and Szeben. Its area was 7,809 km2 around 1910.
Etymology
The toponym Hunyad most likely comes from the Hungarian Script error: No such module "Lang". verb, meaning 'to close' or 'to die'. According to linguist Géza Kuun, the name may keep the memory of the Huns.[1]
History
The first known civilization living on the territory were the Scythian Agathyrsi and Sigynnae. Later the Dacians under their leader Burebista established solid control over the territory, but were conquered and massacred by the Roman Empire. Hunyad was part of Roman Dacia for a short time, but by the 3rd century it was occupied by the Goths, later by the Vandals and Gepids. The nomadic Avars conquered Transylvania in 567, and remained the ethnic majority even after the collapse of their khaganate. The Igech, Szerekes, Andos and Zeyk noble families are all of Avar origin, along with the name of the river Zsil.[2]
Hunyad county was formed in the Middle Ages. It was first attested in 1265 as Hungnod by the Papal Quitrent Register.
The battle between John Hunyadi and Mezid Bey, fought within the Kingdom of Hungary: Older historiography places it at Szeben in Transylvania,[3][4]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found. while modern historiography locates the battle at the Iron Gate Pass (Vaskapu in Hungarian) in Hunyad county, southwestern Transylvania.[5]Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.[6][7][8]
In 1876, when the administrative structure of Transylvania was changed, its territory was modified to include about two thirds of the former Zaránd County (Brád/Brad and Körösbánya/Baia de Criș districts) and the Saxon seat of Broos/Orăștie. In 1920, by the Treaty of Trianon, the county became part of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the present Romanian county Hunedoara; a strip in the east is now part of Alba and a strip in the west is now part of Caraș-Severin County (the commune Băuţar).
Demographics
| Census | Total | Romanian | Hungarian | German | Other or unknown |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1880[9] | 248,464 | 217,414 (90.28%) | 12,278 (5.10%) | 6,968 (2.89%) | 4,166 (1.73%) |
| 1890[10] | 267,895 | 238,486 (89.02%) | 17,167 (6.41%) | 8,047 (3.00%) | 4,195 (1.57%) |
| 1900[11] | 303,838 | 257,013 (84.59%) | 32,316 (10.64%) | 9,189 (3.02%) | 5,320 (1.75%) |
| 1910[12] | 340,135 | 271,675 (79.87%) | 52,720 (15.50%) | 8,101 (2.38%) | 7,639 (2.25%) |
| Census | Total | Eastern Orthodox | Greek Catholic | Roman Catholic | Calvinist | Jewish | Lutheran | Other or unknown |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1880 | 248,464 | 177,725 (71.53%) | 48,381 (19.47%) | 11,883 (4.78%) | 6,568 (2.64%) | 1,996 (0.80%) | 1,799 (0.72%) | 112 (0.05%) |
| 1890 | 267,895 | 190,018 (70.93%) | 50,520 (18.86%) | 15,121 (5.64%) | 7,351 (2.74%) | 2,470 (0.92%) | 2,202 (0.82%) | 213 (0.08%) |
| 1900 | 303,838 | 204,350 (67.26%) | 55,116 (18.14%) | 24,993 (8.23%) | 11,398 (3.75%) | 4,056 (1.33%) | 3,269 (1.08%) | 656 (0.22%) |
| 1910 | 340,135 | 217,425 (63.92%) | 60,024 (17.65%) | 34,668 (10.19%) | 16,675 (4.90%) | 5,679 (1.67%) | 4,110 (1.21%) | 1,554 (0.46%) |
Subdivisions
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Hunyad County were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Algyógy | Algyógyalfalu (now Geoagiu) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Brád | Brád (now Brad) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Déva | Déva (now Deva) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Hátszeg | Hátszeg (now Hațeg) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Kőrösbánya | Kőrösbánya (now Baia de Criș) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Marosillye | Marosillye (now Ilia) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Petrozsény | Petrozsény (now Petroșani) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Puj | Puj (now Pui) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Szászváros | Szászváros (now Orăștie) |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Vajdahunyad | Vajdahunyad (now Hunedoara) |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Déva (now Deva) | |
| Hátszeg (now Hațeg) | |
| Page Template:Legend/styles.css has no content. Szászváros (now Orăștie) | |
| Vajdahunyad (now Hunedoara) | |
Notes
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
Sources
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Babinger, Franz (1978). Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-09900-6.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jefferson, John (2012). The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad: The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438–1444. Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-21904-5.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pálosfalvi, Tamás (2018). From Nicopolis to Mohács: A History of Ottoman-Hungarian Warfare, 1389–1526. The Ottoman Empire and Its Heritage: Politics, Society and Economy 63. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-37565-9.
References
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kuun, Géza; Torma, Zsófia; Téglás, Gábor (1902). "Hunyadvármegye története" [The history of Hunyad County]. Irodalmi Szemle (in magyar). I. Budapest: 353.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kuun, Géza; Torma, Zsófia; Téglás, Gábor (1902). "Hunyadvármegye története" [The history of Hunyad County]. Irodalmi Szemle (in magyar). I. Budapest.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tarján M., Tamás. "Hunyadi János legyőzi a törököket Szebennél" [John Hunyadi defeats the Turks at Szeben]. Rubicon (Hungarian Historical Information Dissemination) (in Hungarian).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bánlaky, József. "A szebeni csata 1442. március 25-én" [The Battle of Szeben on 25 March 1442]. A magyar nemzet hadtörténelme [The Military History of the Hungarian Nation] (in Hungarian). Budapest.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pálosfalvi, Tamás (2001). "Az 1442. márciusi török hadjárat – Adalékok Hunyadi János első törökellenes harcaihoz" [The Ottoman Campaign of March 1442. Remarks on The First Anti-Ottoman Struggles of János Hunyadi] (PDF). Történelmi Szemle [Historical Review] (in Hungarian). XLIII (1–2). Magyar Tudományos Akadémia Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont Történettudományi Intézet [The Hungarian Academy of Sciences – Research Centre for the Humanities – Institute of History]: 43–54.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Weiss, David (2020). The Ottoman campaign in Wallachia and the Battle on the River Ialomița (1442).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ágoston, Gábor (April 2025). "Oszmán hódítók és az "átkozott Jankó"" [Ottoman Conquerors and the "Cursed Janko"]. Rubicon Historical Magazine. 2025 (4).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fedeles, Tamás (April 2025). "Csillag születik – Hunyadi törökverő nimbusza" [A Star Is Born – The Halo of Hunyadi the Turk-Buster]. Rubicon Historical Magazine. 2025 (4).
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Az 1881. év elején végrehajtott népszámlálás főbb eredményei megyék és községek szerint rendezve, II. kötet (1882)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 28 September 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."A Magyar Korona országainak helységnévtára (1892)". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."A MAGYAR KORONA ORSZÁGAINAK 1900". library.hungaricana.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."KlimoTheca :: Könyvtár". Kt.lib.pte.hu. Retrieved 29 September 2021.
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found.
