Ieuaf
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| Ieuaf ab Idwal Foel | |
|---|---|
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| King of Gwynedd | |
| Reign | c. 950-969 |
| Predecessor | Hywel Dda |
| Born | Script error: No such module "person date". |
| Died | Script error: No such module "person date". |
| Father | Idwal Foel |
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Ieuaf (Template:Langx), perhaps a nickname representing Idwal ap Idwal (died 988) to distinguish him from his father Idwal Foel, was joint king of Gwynedd in northern Wales from 950 to 969 with his brother Iago ab Idwal.[1] He possibly also ruled Powys for some time.[2][3]
Ieuaf was a son of King Idwal Foel (Idwal the Bald), who had become King of Gwynedd from 916[4][3] on the death of his father Anarawd ap Rhodri. Ieuaf's paternal great grandparents were Rhodri Mawr, King of Gwynedd and Angharad ferch Meurig of Ceredigion.[4] Upon his father Idwal's death in battle against the Anglo-Saxons in 942, he and his brother Iago ab Idwal were driven from their kingdom by their uncle Hywel Dda of Deheubarth, who took the crown for himself.[5]
On Hywel's death in 950, Ieuaf and Iago were able to drive out Hywel's sons, their cousins, at the Battle of Carno and reclaim the kingdom. However, fighting continued, with the brothers raiding as far south as Dyfed in 952 and their cousins raiding as far north as the Conwy valley in 954. The southern princes were finally defeated at the Battle of Llanrwst and chased back to Ceredigion.[5]
Having won, the brothers then began to quarrel among themselves. Iago took Ieuaf prisoner in 969, and Ieuaf played no further role in Gwynedd. Some sources indicated Ieuaf was imprisoned, (historian John Edward Lloyd stated that Ieuaf remained in captivity until his death in 988),[5] others that he was executed on his brother's orders.[1] Which ever was the case, Iago ruled for the best part of another decade with a brief hiatus in 974 when his nephew, Ieuaf's son and heir Hywel ab Ieuaf invaded and deposed him for a time.[3] Hywel ap Ieuaf fully usurped his uncle in 979 and ruled as King of Gwynedd until his death in 985, when his brother Cadwallon ab Ieuaf briefly took his place until his death the following year.[6]
Ieuaf spent the final decades of his life removed from power, either in captivity or killed shortly after his imprisonment. A recent hypothesis suggests that he fled to the modern-day Peak District (where displaced members of the Idwal dynasty are believed to have sought refuge during periods of internal turmoil), based on later genealogical fragments and Royal family trees with unlabelled members uncovered in hill settlements beyond Gwynedd's eastern frontier.[7] In some cases, individual members or even entire branches of the family tree were apparently removed deliberately, possibly to protect them.
Children
- Hywel ap Ieuaf
- Cadwallon ab Ieuaf
- Meurig ap Ieuaf
Sources
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Powel, David (1584). The historie of Cambria, now called Wales: a part of the most famous Yland of Brytaine, written in the Brytish language aboue two hundreth yeares past. Translated by Llwyd, Humphrey. London: Rafe Newberrie and Henrie Denham. Template:Internet Archive ID.
References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."IEUAF (or IDWAL) ab IDWAL FOEL (died 985), joint king of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography". biography.wales. Retrieved 29 April 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."IAGO ab IDWAL FOEL (fl. 942-979), king of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography". biography.wales. Retrieved 29 April 2025.
- ^ a b c Script error: No such module "template wrapper". (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."IDWAL FOEL ('the Bald '; died 942), king of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography". biography.wales. Retrieved 29 April 2025.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Edward Lloyd, John (1911). A history of Wales: from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest. Longmans, Green, & Co. p. 344.
- ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper". (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
- ^ Harvey Boker, "An Overview of the pre-Norman Petty Kingdoms in England and Wales" (2008). Harvard University Press
