Jet trainer

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Template:Short description

The Lockheed T-33, the most produced jet trainer

A jet trainer is a jet aircraft for use as a trainer, whether for basic or advanced flight training. Jet trainers are either custom designs or modifications of existing aircraft. With the introduction of military jet-powered aircraft towards the end of World War II it became a requirement to train pilots in the handling of such aircraft.

History

The first generation of trainers in the 1940s were modified from existing designs like the Gloster Meteor and Lockheed T-33 but with these were followed by custom training aircraft like the Aero L-29 Delfín and the BAC Jet Provost.

As training developed, different air forces used jet trainers for different phases of training. Although most air forces continued to use piston or later turboprop aircraft for basic training, a number of jet trainers like the Cessna T-37 Tweet appeared for the early stages of pilot training. Pilots who were picked to fly fighter or strike aircraft then went on to fly more advanced training aircraft like the Hawker Siddeley Gnat.

As the early jet-trainers became obsolete then further generations have appeared, the British using the single-engine BAE Systems Hawk while the French ordered the Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet. In the Warsaw Pact the Aero L-39 Albatros became the standard jet trainer.

As the jet trainer developed, it was also used for weapon training, which led to some trainers being modified as light strike aircraft; for example, the Cessna T-37 Tweet was developed into the Cessna A-37 Dragonfly.

Modern jet trainers are structurally strengthened in order to allow high stress maneuvers and aerobatics.

List of jet trainers

Below is a list of some current and former jet trainers

An Aero L-39 Albatros
A Spanish Air Force C-101
The JASDF Kawasaki T-4
The Republic of China Air Force AIDC T-5 Brave Eagle
A US Navy T-2 Buckeye
The Yakovlev Yak-130
Aircraft Country 1st flight No. built Status
Aermacchi MB-326 Italy 1957 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Limited service
Aermacchi MB-339 Italy 1976 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Aero L-29 Delfín Czechoslovakia 1959 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
Aero L-39 Albatros Czechoslovakia 1968 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Aero L-39 Skyfox Czech Republic 2018 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
Aero L-59 Super Albatros Czechoslovakia 1986 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Aero L-159 ALCA Czech Republic 1997 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
AIDC AT-3 Tzu Chung Republic of China 1980 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
AIDC T-5 Brave Eagle Republic of China 2020 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[2]
BAC Jet Provost United Kingdom 1954 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
BAE Hawk United Kingdom 1974 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk United States / Sweden 2016 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". In development
CASA C-101 Spain 1977 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Canadair CT-133 Silver Star Canada 1952 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Canadair CT-114 Tutor Canada 1960 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". aircraft in flight for testing and aerobatic demonstrations.
Cessna T-37 Tweet United States 1954 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Limited service[1]
Dassault/Dornier Alpha Jet France / Germany 1973 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Douglas TA-4E/J Skyhawk United States 1954 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
Fiat G.80 Italy 1951 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
FMA IA 63 Pampa Argentina 1984 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Fokker S.14 Machtrainer Netherlands 1951 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Folland Gnat United Kingdom 1955 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Fouga Magister France 1952 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Fouga Zéphyr France 1959 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Fuji T-1 Japan 1958 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Mitsubishi T-2 Japan 1971 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Grumman F9F-8T/TF-9J Cougar United States 1951 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
HAL HJT-16 Kiran India 1964 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
HAL HJT-36 Sitara India 2003 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Limited series production
HESA Yasin Iran 2019 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". In development
Hispano HA-200 Spain 1955 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Hongdu JL-8/Karakorum-8 People's Republic of China / Pakistan 1990 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Guizhou JL-9 People's Republic of China 2003 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
Hongdu JL-10 People's Republic of China 2006 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
IAR 99 Romania 1985 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
KAI T-50 Golden Eagle South Korea 2002 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Kawasaki T-4 Japan 1985 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Leonardo M-346 Master Italy 2004 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Lockheed T-33 United States 1948 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Lockheed T2V SeaStar United States 1953 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
McDonnell Douglas T-45 Goshawk United States 1988 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
Morane-Saulnier MS.760 Paris France 1964 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
North American T-2 Buckeye United States 1959 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
Northrop T-38 Talon[3] United States 1958 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
PZL I-22 Iryda Poland 1985 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
PZL TS-11 Iskra Poland 1960 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Saab 105 Sweden 1963 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational
Soko G-2 Galeb Yugoslavia 1961 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Limited service
Soko G-4 Super Galeb Yugoslavia 1978 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
SIAI-Marchetti S.211 Italy 1981 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]
TAI Hürjet Turkey 2023 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". In development
Temco TT Pinto United States 1956 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Retired
Yakovlev Yak-130 Russia 1996 Script error: No such module "Number table sorting". Operational[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."World Air Forces 2021". Flightglobal Insight. 2021. Retrieved 20 August 2021.
  2. ^ Taiwan receives first-production T-5 advanced trainer 30 NOVEMBER 2021,© Janes.com 2021 All Rights Reserved
  3. ^ Factsheets : T-38 Talon : T-38 Talon Script error: No such module "webarchive".
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