Karonga

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Karonga
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Rice fields in Karonga
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CountryFile:Flag of Malawi.svg Malawi
RegionNorthern Region
DistrictKaronga District
Elevation
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Population
 (2018 Census[1])
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Population
 (2018 Census[1])
 • Total
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ClimateAw

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Karonga is a township in the Karonga District in Northern Region of Malawi. Located on the western shore of Lake Malawi, it was established as a slaving centre sometime before 1877. As of 2018 estimates, Karonga has a population of 61,609. The common and major language spoken in this district is the Tumbuka language, which is also a regional language of Northern Malawi.

History

Pre-historic tools and remains of hominids discovered in Malawi's remote northern district of Karonga provides further proof that the area could be the cradle of humankind. Professor Friedemann Schrenk of the Goethe University in Frankfurt told Reuters News that two students working on the excavation site in September 2009 had discovered prehistoric tools and a tooth of a hominid. "This latest discovery of prehistoric tools and remains of hominids provides additional proof to the theory that the Great Rift Valley of Africa and perhaps the excavation site near Karonga can be considered the cradle of humankind." Schrenk said. The site also contains some of the earliest dinosaurs which lived between 100 million and 140 million years ago and early hominids believed to have lived between a million and 6 million years ago. The discovery was at Malema excavation site 10 km (6 mi) from Karonga.[2]

In terms of more recent prehistory, Karonga has an abundance of Pleistocene and Holocene archaeological materials dating especially to the Middle and Later Stone Ages, as well as the Iron Age.[3]

Some time before 1877 Karonga existed as the stronghold of Mlozi, a famous Arab slaver.[4] In 1883 a British trading post, which formed the basis of the modern town, was opened there.[4] British explorer Sir Harry Johnston bought the post in 1895 and ended the slave trade on Lake Nyasa's western shore.[4] At this point Karonga became an important commercial and agricultural centre.[4] According to Lonely Planet, the town "still bears a strong Swahili-Arab influence today."[5]

File:Nyungwe CDSS Malawi.jpg
The computer lab at Nyungwe CDSS Secondary School in 2018

Karonga Girls Secondary School opened in the centre of the town in 1998.[6] In 2023 there was concern that girls were being turned away from education because there was insufficient funds to cover their education.[7] Nyungwe CDSS Secondary School was one of nine schools chosen to receive HD TVs and tablets as part of an initiative by Airtel Malawi and UNICEF. The scheme included internet access and free use of five educational sites. The scheme was lauded by the education minister Madalitso Wirima.[8]

On 11 July 2008 the Kayelekera mine in Karonga celebrated 1.5 million hours of accident-free uranium mining.[9] "Analysts" claim this is a rare achievement.[9] The mine previously met with controversy due to exposing people to radiation.[10]

In December 2009 the area suffered a series of earthquakes.

Geography

Karonga is at an elevation of 478 metres (1,568 ft) on the western shore of Lake Nyasa. It is situated Page Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.28 kilometres (17+1⁄4 mi) from Kenan Ngomba, 18 km (11 mi) from Kaporo, Page Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.42.5 km (26+1⁄2 mi) from Kilondo and Page Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.12 km (7+1⁄2 mi) from Lupembe.[11]

Demographics

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Edicas Nachinga and her grandchildren in Karonga, 2010
Year Population[12][1]
1977 11,873
1987 19,667
1998 27,811
2008 40,334
2018 61,609

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
197711,873—    
198719,667+5.18%
199827,811+3.20%
200840,334+3.79%
201861,609+4.33%
source:[13]

Languages

Tumbuka is commonly used in Karonga for both home and school.[14] Karonga is known as "an island of Tumbuka language and culture in a sea of Tumbuka and Ngonde people."[15]

Economy

The economy of the area is based on cotton, rice and maize production along the lake and on coffee and livestock in the west.[4] Karongans are dependent on subsistence fishing.[4]

Climate

Karonga's climate is classified as tropical. The summers are much rainier than the winters in Karonga. The climate here is classified as Aw by the Köppen-Geiger system. In Karonga, the average annual temperature is 25.6 °C (78.8 °F).[16]

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Arts and culture

The Cultural & Museum Centre Karonga is Karonga's most popular attraction to tourists.[18] It is home to the Malawisaurus, a 150-million-year-old fossil discovered 45 kilometres (28 mi) south of the district.[18] It displays an exhibit entitled "From Dinosaurs to Democracy", which chronicles the area's history.[18]

Infrastructure

Karonga is home to the Karonga Airport[11] which handles only daytime domestic flights for Air Malawi.[19] Buses travel from Mzuzu and Nkhata Bay to Karonga using the M1 road.[20]

Notes

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  1. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."2018 Population and Housing Census Main Report" (PDF). Malawi National Statistical Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 June 2020. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Banda, Mabvuto (23 October 2009). "Malawi could be the cradle of humankind". Science. Reuters. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Wright, David K. (2014). "Renewed Geoarchaeological Investigations of Mwanganda's Village (Elephant Butchery Site), Karonga, Malawi". Geoarchaeology. 29 (2): 98–120. doi:10.1002/gea.21469.
  4. ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Karonga". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008. Retrieved 8 August 2008.
  5. ^ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Mamie Martin Info leaflet" (PDF). September 2017.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."CDF bursary eludes needy students". Nation Online. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 15 May 2026.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mwale, Winston (1 August 2023). "Airtel Malawi, UNICEF Announce Groundbreaking Project to Equip Schools with Cutting-Edge Technology". AfricaBrief. Retrieved 15 May 2026.
  9. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tayanjah, Francis; Namwaza, Gerald (11 June 2008). "Government applauds Kayelekera on safety". The Daily Times.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Torn Between the Lure And Danger of Uranium". UN Integrated Regional Information Networks. AllAfrica. 6 September 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2008.
  11. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Maps, Weather, and Airports for Karonga, Malawi". FallingRain Genomics. Retrieved 21 June 2008.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."World Gazetteer: Malawi: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". World Gazetteer. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 8 July 2008.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Malawi: Regions, Major Cities, Towns & Urban Localities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
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  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Karonga climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Karonga weather averages - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 25 December 2021.
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  18. ^ a b c Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  19. ^ a-z World Airports, accessed 9 August 2008
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References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Karonga, Malawi.Template:Preview warning

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Wikivoyage has a travel guide for [[Wikivoyage:Karonga#Template:Wikidata|Karonga]].

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