LMS Princess Royal Class

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Template:Short description Template:DMCA Template:DMCA

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.

Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.

Princess Royal Class
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found.
6210 Lady Patricia at Crewe Works in 1948
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerWilliam Stanier
BuilderLMS Crewe Works
Build date1933 (2), 1935 (10)
Total produced12
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 • Whyte4-6-2
 • UIC2′C1′ h4s
GaugePage Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Leading dia.3 ft 0 in (0.914 m)
Driver dia.6 ft 6 in (1.981 m)
Trailing dia.3 ft 9 in (1.143 m)
Minimum curvePage Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
Wheelbase63 ft 10 in (19.456 m) ​
 • Engine37 ft 9 in (11.506 m)
 • Drivers15 ft 3 in (4.648 m)
 • Tender15 ft 0 in (4.572 m)
LengthPage Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.74 ft 4+1⁄4 in (22.663 m)
Width9 ft 0 in (2.743 m)
Height13 ft 3 in (4.039 m)
Axle load22.5 long tons (22.9 t; 25.2 short tons) ​
 • Leading21 long tons (21.3 t; 23.5 short tons)
 • Coupled22 long tons (22.4 t; 24.6 short tons)
 • Trailing16 long tons (16.3 t; 17.9 short tons)
 • Tender axlePage Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
  • Front: 18.6 long tons (18.9 t; 20.8 short tons)
  • Middle: 17.8 long tons (18.1 t; 19.9 short tons)
  • Rear: 18.25 long tons (18.54 t; 20.44 short tons)
Adhesive weight67.5 long tons (68.6 t; 75.6 short tons)
Loco weightPage Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
  • 104.5 long tons (106.2 t; 117.0 short tons)
  • 46202: 110.55 long tons (112.32 t; 123.82 short tons)
Tender weight54.65 long tons (55.53 t; 61.21 short tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacityPage Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
  • 9 long tons (9.1 t; 10.1 short tons)
  • later 10 long tons (10.2 t; 11.2 short tons)
Water cap.4,000 imp gal (18,000 L; 4,800 US gal)
Firebox:​
 • Type 
 • Grate area45 sq ft (4.2 m2)
Boiler:
​
 • ModelLMS type 1
 • Tube plates19 ft 3 in (5.867 m)
 • Small tubesPage Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.2+3⁄8 in (60 mm), 32 off
 • Large tubesPage Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.5+1⁄8 in (130 mm), 123 off
Boiler pressure250 psi (1.7 MPa)
Heating surface:​
 • Firebox190 or 217 sq ft (17.7 or 20.2 m2)
 • Tubes and flues2,299 sq ft (213.6 m2)
 • Total surface 
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area584 sq ft (54.3 m2)
Cylinders4
Cylinder sizeProduction Models:
Page Template:Fraction/styles.css has no content.16+1⁄4 in × 28 in (413 mm × 711 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts
6205 had outside Walschaerts with rocking shafts operating inside valves.
Valve typePiston valves
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.
Performance figures
Tractive effort40,286 lbf (179.20 kN) (production engines)
Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.
Career
OperatorsPage Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
Power class7P reclassified 8P in 1951
Numbers(4)6200/1/3–12
NicknamesLizzies
LocaleLondon Midland Region
Withdrawn1961 (6), 1962 (6)
Preserved6201, 6203
DispositionTwo preserved, remainder scrapped

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Princess Royal Class is a class of express passenger 4-6-2 steam locomotive designed by William Stanier. Twelve examples were built at Crewe Works, between 1933 and 1935, for use on the West Coast Main Line. Two are preserved.

Overview

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.

The designer of the class, William Stanier, had previously been Works Manager of the Great Western Railway's depot at Swindon Works, and had been recruited with a brief to replace the LMS's miscellany of locomotives inherited from its constituent companies. He made extensive use of Great Western features in his designs.

To match the power and speed and especially the prestige of the London and North Eastern Railway's express Pacific locomotives, Stanier designed the Princess Royal class almost as soon as he was appointed to the LMS.[1] When originally built, they were used to haul the famous Royal Scot train between London Euston and Glasgow Central.

Design

The class was based on GWR 111 The Great Bear, a design produced in 1907 for the Great Western by George Jackson Churchward.[2] The smokebox and cylinders were closely based on those of the GWR 6000 Class (also known as the King Class).[3] The inside cylinders were abreast the leading bogied wheels and drove cranks on the leading coupled axle, the outside cylinders were abreast the rear bogie wheels (which made substantial cross-bracing necessary between the cylinders and the locomotive frame) and drove crank pins on the centre coupled axle.[4] Each of the four cylinders had its own set of Walschaerts valve gear.Other minor details, such as corks to close oil boxes, closely followed Great Western practice.[citation needed]

Construction

A prototype batch of three locomotives was to be constructed in 1933. Two were constructed as drawn but the third set of frames was retained as the basis for an experimental turbine locomotive.[5][6][7]

Turbomotive

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". The third prototype was constructed with the aid of the Swedish Ljungstrom turbine company and known as the Turbomotive, although not named. It was numbered 6202, in sequence with the Princess Royals. Although 'generally similar' to the rest of the Princess Royals,[5] and 'not all that much different',[8] it used a larger 40 element superheater to give a higher steam temperature, more suitable for turbine use.[6][9][note 1] This boiler was also domeless as would later be used for the second batch of the Princess Royals. The continuous exhaust of the turbine, rather than the sharper intermittent blast of the piston engine, also required changes to the draughting and the use of a double chimney.[10][11] It entered service in June 1935 on the London–Liverpool service.[12]

This Turbomotive was rebuilt in 1952 with conventional 'Coronation' cylinders and named Princess Anne, but was soon destroyed in the Harrow and Wealdstone rail crash.[11]

Later production

A second batch of eleven locomotives was constructed later.[13] The first two locomotives of the class to be produced had a firebox combustion volume too small for the grate area, and the subsequent locomotives had enlarged fireboxes.[3]

Accidents and incidents

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.

Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote".

  • On 17 April 1948, a passenger train hauled by locomotive No. 6207 Princess Arthur of Connaught was halted after a passenger pulled the communication cord. It was then hit from behind by a postal train, which a signalman's error had allowed into the section, resulting in the deaths of 24 passengers.
  • Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". On 21 September 1951, locomotive No. 46207 Princess Arthur of Connaught was hauling an express passenger train that was derailed at Weedon, Northamptonshire due to a defective front bogie on the locomotive. Fifteen people were killed and 35 were injured.
  • Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". On 8 October 1952, locomotive No. 46202 Princess Anne was one of the locomotives on the 8:00 a.m express from Euston to Liverpool and Manchester, along with LMS Jubilee Class No. 45637 Windward Islands. Princess Anne took serious damage in the crash, having the leading bogie torn off and main frames buckled, and was scrapped after being deemed uneconomic to repair it.

Naming

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.

Each locomotive was named after a princess, the official name for the class was chosen because Mary, Princess Royal was the Colonel-in-Chief of the Royal Scots. However, the locomotives were known to railwaymen as "Lizzies", after the second example of the class, named for Princess Elizabeth, who later became Queen Elizabeth II. Later examples of 4-6-2 express passenger locomotive built by the LMS were of the related but larger, Coronation Class.

Withdrawal

The class was withdrawn in the early 1960s in line with British Railways' modernisation plan.[citation needed]

Details

LMS
No. 		BR
No. 		Name(s) Date
Built 		Date
Withdrawn 		Photograph Notes
6200 46200 The Princess Royal Template:Dts Template:Dts File:Stockport LMS Pacific 'The Princess Royal' geograph-2413037-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg Last to be withdrawn.
6201 46201 Princess Elizabeth Template:Dts Template:Dts File:Princess Elizabeth 6201 Tyseley 1 (5870126606).jpg Preserved.
6203 46203 Princess Margaret Rose Template:Dts Template:Dts File:46203 Princess Margaret Rose.jpg Preserved. Owned by the Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust.
6204 46204 Princess Louise Template:Dts Template:Dts
6205 46205 Princess Victoria Template:Dts Template:Dts Fitted with modified valve gear in 1947. Converted back to normal in 1955.
6206 46206 Princess Marie Louise Template:Dts Template:Dts File:Crewe Glasgow - London express geograph-2709787-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
6207 46207 Princess Arthur of Connaught Template:Dts Template:Dts Appeared in the 1930s classic documentary film No. 6207; A Study in Steel which showed the production of the locomotive from molten steel to the finished product. Involved in the 1948 Winsford railway accident.
6208 46208 Princess Helena Victoria Template:Dts Template:Dts
6209 46209 Princess Beatrice Template:Dts Template:Dts File:Willesden Junction with Up Wolverhampton express geograph-2413316-by-Ben-Brooksbank.jpg
6210 46210 Lady Patricia Template:Dts Template:Dts
6211 46211 Queen Maud Template:Dts Template:Dts
6212 46212 Duchess of Kent Template:Dts Template:Dts

Preservation

Page Module:Message box/ambox.css has no content.

Two examples, 6201 Princess Elizabeth and 6203 Princess Margaret Rose are preserved and both have operated on the mainline in preservation. They were named after the two children of Prince Albert, Duke of York (later King George VI), and his wife, Elizabeth, Duchess of York (later Queen Elizabeth, and after the king's death, Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother). Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary (later Queen Elizabeth II) was seven years old in 1933 when her namesake was built, and Princess Margaret Rose was nearly five in July 1935 when her namesake was completed. At the time, they were third and fourth in line to the throne. 'Princess Margaret Rose' is owned by The Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust and is on static display at the West Shed Museum, Midland Railway-Butterley, Ripley, Derbyshire.

Note: Loco numbers in bold mean their current number.

Number Name Built Withdrawn Service Life Livery Location Owners Status Mainline Certified Photograph Notes
LMS BR
6201 46201 Princess Elizabeth Nov 1933 Oct 1962 28 Years, 11 Months LMS Crimson Lake (on completion) Carnforth MPD 6201 Princess Elizabeth Society Under Overhaul [14] No, to be certified File:6201 Princess Elizabeth in Preston.jpg Withdrawn July/August 2021 due to cracked firebox.

Mainline Standard overhaul commenced in September 2023.[15]

6203 46203 Princess Margaret Rose Jul 1935 Oct 1962 27 Years, 3 Months BR Crimson Lake, Late Crest Butterley Princess Royal Class Locomotive Trust Static Display No File:LMS 8P 4-6-2 46203 PMR Carlisle 22.09.94R edited-2.jpg Last ran in 1996.

Media

References

Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.

  1. ^ This trifurcated superheater design was later used on the Duchess class.[6]

Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.

  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Casserley, H.C. (1960). The Observer's Book of Railway Locomotives of Britain. London: Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd. p. 149.
  2. ^ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  3. ^ a b Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  4. ^ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  5. ^ a b Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  6. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Cook, A.F. (1999). Raising Steam on the LMS. RCTS. pp. 126–127. ISBN 0-901115-85-1.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rowledge, J.W.P. (1987). "3: The Princess Royal Class – The First Two". The LMS Pacifics. David & Charles. pp. 24–35. ISBN 0-7153-8776-6.
  8. ^ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rowledge, J.W.P. (1987). "4: The 'Turbomotive'". The LMS Pacifics. David & Charles. p. 47. ISBN 0-7153-8776-6.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."9: Unconventional Locomotives 1929–1935". The British Steam Railway Locomotive. Vol. II: from 1925 to 1965. Ian Allan. 1966. pp. 112–117. ISBN 0-7110-0125-1.
  11. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."18: Stanier's 'Turbomotive'". Experiments With Steam. Patrick Stephens Limited. 1990. pp. 163–171. ISBN 1-85260-269-4.
  12. ^ Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rowledge, J.W.P. (1987). "5: The Princess Royal Class – Modifications, and the 1935 Batch". The LMS Pacifics. David & Charles. pp. 44–51. ISBN 0-7153-8776-6.
  14. ^ Work Start's on Lizzie's Overhaul Trackside issue 27 October 2023 page 6
  15. ^ Work Start's on Lizzie's Overhaul Trackside issue 27 October 2023 page 6

Further reading

Page Module:Side box/styles.css has no content.Page Template:Sister project/styles.css has no content.

Page Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.
Script error: No such module "Sister project logo".
Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Template:If then show|Template:If then show]].

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Authority control/config' not found.

Retrieved from "https://cosmopedia.co/index.php?title=LMS_Princess_Royal_Class&oldid=334115"