Labeo
Template:Short description Script error: No such module "about". Script error: No such module "Automated taxobox".
Labeo is a genus of fish in the family Cyprinidae, the family of carps and barbs. They are found in freshwater habitats in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and Asia. It contains the typical labeos in the subfamily Labeoninae (alternatively, the tribe Labeonini or subtribe Labeoina, if subsumed into Cyprininae).
Description
The labeos appear fairly similar to the "freshwater sharks" of the genus Epalzeorhynchos, which is also part of the same clade though not very closely related; labeos are larger, and have a more spindle-shaped body, as they are mostly free-swimming rather than the benthic Epalzeorhynchos. Their mouths are distinct as well; labeos have a pronounced rostral cap, which covers the upper lip except when feeding.[verification needed][2] The genus name Labeo is Latin for "one who has large lips";[3] their lips are expanded into thick, sausage-shaped pads which have keratinized edges. Thus, their mouth parts are moderately apomorphic; not as little-developed as in barbs or in Epalzeorhynchos, but neither as extensive as in, for example, Garra or Ptychidio.[2]
Labeos have a pair of barbels on the rostrum or snout and another pair at the rear edges of the lower maxilla, which has been lost in some of their relatives; this feature is common among the Cyprinidae. They have a well-developed vomeropalatine organ.[<span title="Script error: No such module "decodeEncode".">clarification needed] In the Weberian apparatus, the posterior supraneural bone is elongated and contacts the skull at the forward end.[2]
Taxonomy
Species
These are the currently recognized species in this genus:[4] Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".
Phylogeny
The type species of Labeo, Labeo niloticus (=Labeo vulgaris), were grouped together with L. horie, L. senegalensis, L. weeksii, L. mesops, L. lineatus, L. rosae, L. altivelis, and L. ruddi,[8][9] but more recently was found to clade with L. ruddi, L. capensis, L. umbratus, and a number of undescribed species.[10]
The following maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree is based on a dataset of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, from Yang et al. 2012, with updated binomial names:[11]
Script error: No such module "Clade". "Labeoina" is the most basal clade within Labeonini sensu Yang et al. 2012 (=Labeoninae sensu ECoF/WoRMS).[11]
References
Page Module:Side box/styles.css has no content.Page Template:Sister project/styles.css has no content.
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stiassny, Melanie L. J.; Getahun, Abebe (2007). "An overview of labeonin relationships and the phylogenetic placement of the Afro-Asian genus Garra Hamilton, 1922 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), with the description of five new species of Garra from Ethiopia, and a key to all African species". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 150: 41–83. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00281.x.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara (7 September 2023). "Family CYPRINIDAE: Subfamily LABEONINAE Bleeker 1859 (Labeos)". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
- ^ Template:Cof genus
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Rahul G. Kumar; Charan Ravi; V S Basheer (May 2025). "Identity of Labeo nigrescens Day, 1870 with descriptions of two new Labeo species from the Southern Western Ghats". Indian Journal of Fisheries. 72 (1). doi:10.21077/ijf.2025.72.1.146813-04.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kumar, Rahul G.; Ravi, Charan; Krishnaprasoon, Nadumury Pradeep; Basheer, Valaparambil Saidumohmed (2026). "Labeo kaage sp. nov., a new species of cyprinid fish (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from the Cauvery River basin, India". Journal of Fish Biology jfb.70446. doi:10.1111/jfb.70446. PMID 41956961.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ramoejane, Mpho; Zarei, Fatah; Mathebula, Xiluva; Chakona, Albert (February 2026). "On the conflict between science and ethics: the case of the moggel, Labeo umbratus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from South Africa". Journal of Fish Biology. 108 (2): 596–608. Bibcode:2026JFBio.108..596R. doi:10.1111/jfb.70263. ISSN 0022-1112. PMC 13052463. PMID 41198057.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Reid, G.M. (1985). "A revision of the African species of Labeo (Pisces: Cyprinidae) and a re-definition of the genus". Theses Zoologicae. 6: 1–322.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."New Insight Into the Phylogeny and Biogeography of the Cyprinid Fishes Labeo (Cyprinidae; Cypriniformes) in Africa With Evidence for Cryptic Diversity in Ethiopia". Ethiopian Journal of Biological Sciences. 18 (2): 159–184. January 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Tobit L.D. Liyandja; Brian T. Smith; S. Elizabeth Alter; Brian L. Sidlauskas; Melanie L.J. Stiassny (December 2025). "Phylogenomics of African Labeo (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) emphasizing central African species". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 213 108427. Bibcode:2025MolPE.21308427L. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2025.108427. PMID 40769336.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Lei Yang; M. Arunachalam; Tetsuya Sado; Boris A. Levin; Alexander S. Golubtsov; Jörg Freyhof; John P. Friel; Wei-Jen Chen; M. Vincent Hirt; Raja Manickam; Mary K. Agnew; Andrew M. Simons; Kenji Saitoh; Masaki Miya; Richard L. Mayden; Shunping He (21 June 2012). "Molecular phylogeny of the cyprinid tribe Labeonini (Teleostei: Cypriniformes)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 65 (2): 362–379. Bibcode:2012MolPE..65..362Y. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2012.06.007. PMID 22728909.
Script error: No such module "Taxonbar". Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Authority control/config' not found.
