Ladd Reef

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Ladd Reef
Disputed reef
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Ladd Reef and Da Lat Island
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Other names
Đá Lát (Vietnamese)
日積礁 / 日积礁 Rìjī Jiāo (Chinese)
Geography
LocationSouth China Sea
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ArchipelagoSpratly Islands
Total islands1
Major islandsDa Lat Island
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Administration
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DistrictTrường Sa District
TownshipTrường Sa Township
Claimed by
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Ladd Reef (Template:Langx; Mandarin Template:Zh) is a Vietnam-controlled reef in the Spratly group of islands, South China Sea. China (PRC) and Taiwan (ROC) are also claimants of the reef. Like Spratly Island, Ladd Reef lies to the west of the Philippines-defined "Kalayaan Islands" claim area.[1]

Names

The English name Ladd Reef was coined by Richard Spratly in late March 1843, after Captain Ladd of the ship Austen, who seemed to be the first to have seen the reef.[2] The Chinese name Rìjī Jiāo was coined in 1947 to replace the 1935 name Lādé Jiāo (拉德礁),[3] which was transliterated from the English name Ladd.

Geography

Ladd Reef lies west of Dangerous Ground in the western half of the Spratly Islands, to the south of Coronation Bank, southwest of West London Reef (West Reef) and 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) west of Spratly Island.[4]

This coral reef lies on a northeast-southwest axis, 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) in length, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) in width, and spans over an area of 9.9 square kilometres (990 ha; 2,400 acres; 3.8 sq mi). It is entirely submerged during high tide, but there are some stones jutting out of the sea during low tide.[5]

Da Lat Island (Đảo Đá Lát)

Before the land reclamation, Da Lat Island consisted of a permanent house on the right and a multifunctional cultural house on the left. The sovereignty marker was placed at the durable house.


Da Lat Island, formerly known as Da Lat Islet, is the only islet situated on a coral reef. Initially, a permanent house was constructed on the island to serve as a station for the Vietnamese Navy. In 2018, a multifunctional cultural house was built there and was completed in October of the same year.[6]

The geographical coordinates of this island, as recorded on the sovereignty marker, are 8°40′10″N 111°40′23″E (or 8.66944°N 111.67306°E). This location places it within the strategic and ecologically significant region of the South China Sea.

In early November 2022, Vietnam began land reclamation and renovation to transform Da Lat Islet into Da Lat Island.[7] As of March 2025, Da Lat Island has an estimated reclaimed land area of around 55 hectares, stretching approximately 2.4 kilometers in length, with the potential for an airport to be constructed there.[8][9]

Structures

The reef is uninhabited but contains a Vietnamese lighthouse (built in 1994)[10] with the inscription Hải đăng Đá Lát[11] (literally "Ladd Reef Lighthouse"). The lower portion of the lighthouse consists of quarters for a handful of Vietnamese soldiers and the lighthouse keeper.

Other information

On 8 July 1945, towards the end of the Second World War, a Dutch submarine (HNLMS O-19) was en route to Subic Bay in the Philippines at a speed of 16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph) when it struck the reef. [12] Unable to pull free, the crew of O 19 were rescued by the U.S. submarine Template:USS. To prevent capture, O 19 was scuttled by the crews using explosives, torpedoes and gunfire.[13] By the late 1990s, the wreck had mostly been scrapped by local salvagers, and the few pieces that remained were heavily corroded.

References

  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Presidential Decree No. 1596 (Philippines)". The Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 1978. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Hancox, David; Prescott, Victor (1995). A Geographical Description of the Spratly Islands and an Account of Hydrographic Surveys amongst Those Islands. Maritime Briefings. Vol. 1. University of Durham, International Boundaries Research Unit. p. 15. ISBN 978-1897643181.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.南海诸岛中外地名对照表 (in Chinese). 海南史志网. 2009-06-15. Archived from the original on 2016-02-11. Retrieved 2014-07-15.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) (Contains a list of maritime features in the South China Sea, with their English names, and their Chinese names in 1935, 1947 and 1983.)
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sta Ana, D.J. (25 May 2011). "Vietnam also has garrisons in PH zone of Spratlys". Interaksyon. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Những điều cần biết về hai quần đảo Hoàng Sa, Trường Sa và khu vực thềm lục địa phía nam [What you need to know about Paracel Islands, Spratly Islands and southern continental shelf] (in Vietnamese). Political Department, Naval Command (Vietnam). 2011.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Đà Nẵng ở Trường Sa". Báo Đà Nẵng. 2019-02-06.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Vietnam's Major Spratly Expansion". Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Retrieved 2022-12-15.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."How Many Runways is Vietnam Building in the Spratly Islands?". Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."No Islet Left Behind: Vietnam Reclaims Land at Every Remaining Spratly Outpost". Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative. Retrieved 2025-08-28.
  10. ^ Template:Cite rowlett
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Photo of Lighthouse on Ladd reef". timawa.net/. Timawa - Forum. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Bloedvlag O 19" (PDF). Klaar Voor Onderwater (in Dutch). Vol. 38, no. 133. Den Helder: Onderzeedienst Reünistenvereniging. September 2015. pp. 17–19. ISSN 2214-6202.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Pim Kiepe (May 1995). "Het einde van de O-19" (PDF). Klaar Voor Onderwater (in Dutch). No. 52. Den Helder: Onderzeedienst Reünistenvereniging. pp. 5–10.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)


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