Low Saxon
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| Low Saxon | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Germany, Netherlands, Southern Denmark |
| Speakers | Native: 300,000 (2016)Template:Ethnologue25 does not exist L2: 2.2 million[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-2 | Template:ISO 639-2 for Low German |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:nds – (partial)wep – Westphalianfrs – Eastern Frisiangos – Groningsstl – Stellingwerfsdrt – Drentstwd – Twentsact – Achterhoekssdz – Sallandsvel – Veluws |
| Glottolog | west2357 |
| ELP | Template:Endangered Languages Project |
| Linguasphere | Template:Infobox language/lingualist |
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| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Low German dialects around the world | |
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Low Saxon (Template:Langx, Template:Langx), also known as West Low German (Template:Langx[2]), is a group of Low German dialects spoken in parts of the Netherlands, northwestern Germany and southern Denmark (in North Schleswig by parts of the German-speaking minority). It is one of two dialect groups, the other being East Low German.
Extent
The language area comprises the North German states of Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia (the Westphalian part), Bremen, Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein and Saxony-Anhalt (the northwestern areas around Magdeburg) as well as the northeast of the Netherlands (i.e. Dutch Low Saxon, spoken in Groningen, Drenthe, Overijssel, northern Gelderland and Urk) and the Schleswigsch dialect spoken by the North Schleswig Germans in the southernmost part of Denmark.[3]
In the south the Benrath line and Uerdingen line isoglosses form the border with the area where West Central German variants of High German are spoken.[citation needed]
List of dialects
Germany
- Westphalian, including the region around Münster and the Osnabrück region of Lower Saxony
- Eastphalian, spoken in southeastern Lower Saxony (Hanover, Braunschweig, Göttingen) and in the Magdeburg Börde region
- Northern Low Saxon
- East Frisian Low Saxon in East Frisia[4]
- Dithmarsisch[4]
- Schleswig[i]sch[4]
- Holsteinisch[4]
- Nordhannoversch[4]
- Emsländisch[4]
- Oldenburgisch in the Oldenburg region[4]
Netherlands
Script error: No such module "Labelled list hatnote". While Dutch is a Low Franconian language, the Dutch Low Saxon varieties form a dialect continuum with Westphalian. They consist of:
- West Low German, divided into:Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.
- Gronings
- Drents
- Stellingwerfs
- Sallands
- West-Overijssels
- Twents
- Achterhoeks
- Veluws
- Urkers
Denmark
- West Low German
- Northern Low Saxon
- Schleswigsch dialect spoken in former South Jutland County (the northern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig) around Aabenraa (Apenrade)
- Northern Low Saxon
Situation in the Netherlands
A 2005 study found that there were approximately 1.8 million "daily speakers" of Low Saxon in the Netherlands. 53% spoke Low Saxon or Low Saxon and Dutch at home and 71% could speak it.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.[page needed] According to another study the percentage of speakers among parents dropped from 34% in 1995 to 15% in 2011. The percentage of speakers among their children dropped from 8% to 2% in the same period.[5]
References
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- ^ Cite error: The named reference
e25was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Peter Wiesinger, Die Einteilung der deutschen Dialekte, in: Werner Besch, Ulrich Knoop, Wolfgang Putschke, Herbert Ernst Wiegand (eds.), Dialektologie. Ein Handbuch zur deutschen und allgemeinen Dialektforschung. Zweiter Halbband (series: Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft (HSK), 1.2), 1983, p. 828
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sanders, Willy (1982). Sachsensprache, Hansesprache, Plattdeutsch : sprachgeschichtliche Grundzüge des Niederdeutschen [Language of the Saxons, the language of the Hanseatic League, Plattdeutsch: basics of the historical linugistics of Low German] (in Deutsch). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 9783525012130.
- ^ a b c d e f g Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Noble, Cecil Arthur M. (1983). Modern German dialects. New York: P. Lang. pp. 103–104. ISBN 9780820400259.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Driessen, Geert (2012). "Ontwikkelingen in het gebruik van Fries, streektalen en dialecten in de periode 1995-2011" [Development of the use of Frisian, regional languages and dialects from 1995 to 2011] (PDF). Radboud University Nijmegen (in Nederlands). Retrieved 29 April 2017.
Sources
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- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bloemhoff, Henk (2005). Taaltelling Nedersaksisch. Een enquête naar het gebruik en de beheersing van het Nedersaksisch in Nederland [Lower Saxon Language Census. A survey of the use and proficiency of Low Saxon in the Netherlands] (PDF). Nedersaksisch Instituut (Report) (in Nederlands). Groningen: Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen. ISBN 90-6466-1324. LCCN 2006364430. OCLC 230137295. OL 31709135M. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2024. Retrieved 30 December 2024.
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