Lubert Stryer
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Lubert Stryer (March 2, 1938 – April 8, 2024) was an American academic who was the Emeritus Mrs. George A. Winzer Professor of Cell Biology, at Stanford University School of Medicine.[1][2] His research over more than four decades had been centered on the interplay of light and life. In 2006 he received the National Medal of Science from President Bush at a ceremony at the White House for elucidating the biochemical basis of signal amplification in vision, pioneering the development of high density microarrays for genetic analysis, and authoring the standard undergraduate biochemistry textbook, Biochemistry.[3] It is now in its tenth edition and also edited by Jeremy Berg, Justin Hines, John L. Tymoczko and Gregory J. Gatto, Jr.[4]
Stryer received his B.S. degree from the University of Chicago in 1957 and his M.D. degree from Harvard Medical School. He was a Helen Hay Whitney Research Fellow[5] in the department of physics at Harvard and then at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology[6] in Cambridge, England, before joining the faculty of the department of biochemistry at Stanford in 1963. In 1969 he moved to Yale to become Professor of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, and in 1976, he returned to Stanford to head a new Department of Structural Biology.[2][7]
Stryer died in Stanford, California April 8, 2024, at the age of 86.[8]
Research profile
Stryer and coworkers pioneered the use of fluorescence spectroscopy, particularly Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), to monitor the structure and dynamics of biological macromolecules.[9][10] In 1967, Stryer and Haugland showed that the efficiency of energy transfer depends on the inverse sixth power of the distance between the donor and acceptor,[11][12] as predicted by Förster's theory. They proposed that energy transfer can serve as a spectroscopic ruler to reveal proximity relationships in biological macromolecules.
A second contribution was Stryer's discovery of the primary stage of amplification in visual excitation.[13][14] Stryer, together with Fung and Hurley, showed that a single photoexcited rhodopsin molecule activates many molecules of transducin, which in turn activate many molecules of a cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase. Stryer's laboratory has also contributed to our understanding of the role of calcium in visual recovery and adaptation.[15][16][17]
Stryer participated in developing light-directed, spatially addressable parallel chemical synthesis for the synthesis of peptides and polynucleotides.[18][19][20] Light-directed combinatorial synthesis has been used by Stephen Fodor and coworkers at Affymetrix to make DNA arrays containing millions of different sequences for genetic analyses.
From 1975, Stryer authored ten editions of the textbook Biochemistry.[21]
Stryer also chaired a National Research Council committee that produced a report entitled Bio2010: Transforming Undergraduate Education for Future Research Biologists.[22][23]
Honors
- American Chemical Society Award in Biological Chemistry (Eli Lilly Award in Biological Chemistry, 1970)[24]
- American Academy of Arts and Sciences (elected 1975)[25]
- National Academy of Sciences (elected 1984)[26]
- American Association for the Advancement of Science Newcomb Cleveland Prize (1992)[27]
- Honorary Doctor of Science degree, University of Chicago, 1992[28]
- Molecular Bioanalytics Award, German Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2002[29]
- American Philosophical Society (2006)[2]
- National Medal of Science (2006)[30]
- European Inventor of the Year 2006 in the category "Small and medium-sized enterprises"[31]
Notable students
- Richard P. Haugland (Ph.D. 1970), founder of Molecular Probes, Inc.
- Richard A. Mathies (postdoc), dean of the college of chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,[32]
- Tobias Meyer (postdoc), now professor, department of chemical and systems biology, Stanford University[33][34]
- Cheng-Wen Wu (postdoc), former founding president of the Taiwan National Health Research Institutes, 1996-2005, now professor at the Taiwan Medical College.
- Jeremy M. Berg, co-author of widely used Biochemistry textbook
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Lubert Stryer".
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Our Apologies | American Philosophical Society". Retrieved March 10, 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."President to Award 2005-2006 National Medals of Science and National Medals of Technology Honoring Nation's Leading Researchers, Inventors and Innovators - NSF - National Science Foundation".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stryer; et al. (2023). Biochemistry (10 ed.). Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1319498504.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Archived copy". Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Alumni - MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology". MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.McCarthy, Pumtiwitt. "Everything is illuminated: 'Reflections' on light and life by Lubert Stryer". American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. Retrieved June 19, 2016.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bai, Nina (May 1, 2024). "Lubert Stryer, luminary scientist of light and life, author of classic textbook, dies at 86". Stanford Medicine. Retrieved May 4, 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stryer, L (1968). "Fluorescence spectroscopy of proteins". Science. 1632 (3853): 526–533. Bibcode:1968Sci...162..526S. doi:10.1126/science.162.3853.526. PMID 5706935.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Invitrogen - Molecular Probes - Press Release". Archived from the original on June 14, 2011. Retrieved October 18, 2010.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stryer, L.; Haugland, R.P. (1967). "Energy transfer: a spectroscopic ruler". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 58 (2): 719–725. Bibcode:1967PNAS...58..719S. doi:10.1073/pnas.58.2.719. PMC 335693. PMID 5233469.
- ^ Lakowicz, J.R., 2006. Principles of Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Springer, 3rd ed., p. 449)
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fung, B.; Hurley, J.B.; Stryer, L. (1981). "Flow of information in the light-triggered cyclic nucleotide cascade of vision". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 78 (1): 152–156. Bibcode:1981PNAS...78..152F. doi:10.1073/pnas.78.1.152. PMC 319009. PMID 6264430.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Chemical & Engineering News - Serving the chemical, life sciences and laboratory worlds".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Koch, K.-W.; Stryer, L. (1988). "Highly cooperative feedback control of retinal rod guanylate cyclase by calcium ion". Nature. 334 (6177): 64–66. Bibcode:1988Natur.334...64K. doi:10.1038/334064a0. PMID 2455233. S2CID 4253998.
- ^ <Ames, J.B., Ishima, R., Tanaka, T., Gordon, J.I., Stryer, L., Ikura, M., 1997. Molecular mechanics of calcium-myristoyl switches. Nature 389:198-202
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Burgoyne, R.D.; Weiss, J.L. (2001). "The neuronal calcium sensor family of Ca2+-binding proteins". Biochem. J. 353 (Pt 1): 1–12. doi:10.1042/bj3530001. PMC 1221537. PMID 11115393.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Fodor, S.P.A.; Read, J.L.; Pirrung, M.C.; Stryer, L.; Lu, A.T.; Solas, D. (1991). "Light-directed, spatially addressable parallel chemical synthesis". Science. 251 (4995): 767–773. Bibcode:1991Sci...251..767F. doi:10.1126/science.1990438. PMID 1990438.
- ^ Fodor, S.P.A., Pirrung, M.C., Read, J.L., and Stryer, L., Array of oligonucleotides on a solid substrate. U.S. Patent No. 5,445,934. Issued August 29, 1995
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."2007 Newcomb Cleveland Prize Recipients". AAAS - The World's Largest General Scientific Society.
- ^ Latchman, D.S. (1995) Trends Biochem. Sci. 20:488.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Council, National Research; Studies, Division on Earth Life; Sciences, Board on Life; Century, Committee on Undergraduate Biology Education to Prepare Research Scientists for the 21st (2003). BIO2010: Transforming Undergraduate Education for Future Research Biologists - The National Academies Press. doi:10.17226/10497. ISBN 978-0-309-08535-9. PMID 20669482.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kennedy, D (2003). "Points of View: Is Bio2010 the Right Blueprint for the Biology of the Future?". Cell Biol Educ. 2 (4): 224–7. doi:10.1187/cbe.03-10-0039. PMC 256982. PMID 14673487.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Recipients - ACS Division of Biological Chemistry Website".
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Lubert Stryer".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.European Patent Office. "EPO - Stephen P.A. Fodor, Michael C. Pirrung, J. Leighton Read and Lubert Stryer (Affymax Research Institute, Palo Alto, USA)".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Faculty & Research".
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Meyer Lab". Archived from the original on April 11, 2009. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Tobias Meyer - Mrs. George A. Winzer Professor in Cell Biology and Professor of Chemical & Systems Biology | Welcome to Bio-X".
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