Macrobrachium

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Macrobrachium is a genus of freshwater prawns or shrimps characterised by the extreme enlargement of the second pair of pereiopods, at least in the male.[3] The genus is cosmopolitan, found throughout the tropical, freshwater and estuarine ecosystems of both the Old and New Worlds.[4] The genus has a difficult taxonomic history due to morphological conservation between its species (plesiomorphy), and conversely, variations within a single species (polymorphism), leading to the discovery of cryptic species which were only revealed through genetic analysis and morphometry.[5][6]

Many species of Macrobrachium are of high commercial value, especially the larger species such as those from the M. rosenbergii species group;[5] these are both shrimped and cultivated throughout the world.[7][8] Escapees of aquaculture operations have been found to have established breeding populations, though their ecological impact is little studied.[9][10]

In addition to their commercial value, these crustaceans are thought to provide various ecosystem services to humans: a study in the Senegal River basin found that large dams have been implicated in the spread of schistosomiasis, a disease caused by Schistosoma flatworms carried by snails. In general, dams inhibit the reproduction and migration of various riverine species, including Macrobrachium spp.; as these prawns are "voracious" predators of snails in all life stages,[11][12] damming has been linked to marked increases in human schistosomiasis around dammed areas. It is estimated that restoration of Macrobrachium populations could benefit around 300 million people, one third to one half of the at-risk population.[13]

Species

It contains these species:[14][15][16]

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References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.J. W. Short (2004). "A revision of Australian river prawns, Macrobrachium (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)". Hydrobiologia. 525 (1–3): 1–100. doi:10.1023/B:HYDR.0000038871.50730.95.
  2. ^ Script error: No such module "template wrapper".
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Charles Spence Bate (1868). "On a new Genus, with four new Species, of Freshwater Prawns". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London: 363–368.
  4. ^ Bowles D, Aziz K, Knight C (2000) Macrobrachium (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemoni- dae) in the contiguous United States: A review of the species and an assessment of threats to their survival. Journal of Crustacean Biology 20(1): 158–171. DOI link
  5. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Phylogeny of Macrobrachium spp. (Decapoda, Pleocyemata) from Peru based on mitochondrial and nuclear data reveals a species complex comprising M. digueti (Bouvier, 1895) and M. transandicum Holthuis, 1950" (PDF). ZooKeys. 1224: 1–28. 20 January 2025. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1224.130537. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Geometric Morphometrics Reveal Body Shape Variation in Freshwater Shrimps of the Genus Macrobrachium Lacking a Mandibular Palp (Formerly Pseudopalaemon Sollaud, 1911) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae)". Acta Zoologica. October 2025. doi:10.1111/azo.70014.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De Man, 1879) Giant river prawn". SeaLifeBase. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
  8. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Macrobrachium rosenbergii FAO Aquaculture Production of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (t)". SeaLifeBase. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."crustaceans-shrimp". Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
  10. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Macrobrachium rosenbergii Crustaceans-Shrimp giant Malaysian prawn, giant river prawn". Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
  11. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Predation and control of laboratory populations of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata by the freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii". Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology. 84 (4): 401–412. 19 April 1990. doi:10.1080/00034983.1990.11812486.
  12. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Regulation of laboratory populations of snails (Biomphalaria and Bulinus spp.) by river prawns, Macrobrachium spp. (Decapoda, Palaemonidae): Implications for control of schistosomiasis". Acta Tropica. 132: 64–74. April 2014. doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.013. PMC 4280914.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Sokolow, Susanne H.; Jones, Isabel J.; Jocque, Merlijn; La, Diana; Cords, Olivia; Knight, Anika; Lund, Andrea; Wood, Chelsea L.; Lafferty, Kevin D.; Hoover, Christopher M.; Collender, Phillip A.; Remais, Justin V.; Lopez-Carr, David; Fisk, Jonathan; Kuris, Armand M.; De Leo, Giulio A. (2017-04-24). "Nearly 400 million people are at higher risk of schistosomiasis because dams block the migration of snail-eating river prawns". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 372 (1722) 20160127. The Royal Society. doi:10.1098/rstb.2016.0127. ISSN 0962-8436. PMC 5413875. Retrieved 2025-10-14.
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  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Saengphan, Nukul; Panijpan, Bhinyo; Senapin, Saengchan; Suksomnit, Auaree; Phiwsaiya, Kornsunee (2020-10-29). "Morphology and molecular phylogeny of Macrobrachium saengphani sp. nov. (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Northern Thailand". Zootaxa. 4868 (4): 531–542. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4868.4.4. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 33311381.
  17. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Luis M. Mejía-Ortíz & Marilú López-Mejía (2011). "Freshwater prawns of the genus Macrobrachium (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) with abbreviated development from the Papaloapan River Basin, Veracruz, Mexico: distribution and new species". Crustaceana. 84 (8): 949–973. doi:10.1163/001121611X579754.
  18. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Antonina dos Santos, Liliam Hayd & Klaus Anger (2013). "A new species of Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1868 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) M. pantanalense, from the Pantanal, Brazil". Zootaxa. 3700 (4): 534–546. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3700.4.2. PMID 26106741.

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