Matbat language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Template:Short description

Page Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.

Matbat
Misool
Native toIndonesia
RegionMisool, Raja Ampat Islands
EthnicityMatbat and Matlow
Native speakers
(1,000–1,500 cited 2001)[1]
Dialects
  • Aduwei
  • Gam
  • Matlow
  • Me Yot (Me Tip)
Language codes
ISO 639-3xmt
Glottologmatb1237
ELPTemplate:Endangered Languages Project
LinguasphereTemplate:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
Lua error in Module:Location_map at line 526: Unable to find the specified location map definition: "Module:Location map/data/Indonesia Western New Guinea" does not exist.
Coordinates: Lua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.

Page Template:Infobox/styles-images.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".

Matbat is a heavily Papuan-influenced Austronesian language spoken in Southwest Papua, Indonesia, on the island of Misool, Raja Ampat Islands.[1] Its dialects are Magey and Tomolol.[2]Template:Rp Similar to the neighboring Ma'ya language, Matbat is one of a handful of Austronesian languages with true lexical tone rather than a pitch-accent system or complete lack of phonemic tonal contrasts as with most other Austronesian languages.[3]

Distribution

Matbat is spoken in the following locations within Raja Ampat Regency:[4]

  • Misool Timur District: Tumolol, Lenmalas, Lenmalas Timur Barat, Audam, Foley, and Eduai villages
  • Misool Utara District: Atkari and Salafen villages
  • Misool Barat District: Magei village

Dialects

The Matbat language is divided into several dialects, but generally four distinct dialects: Aduwei, Gam, Matlow, and Me Yot (Me Tip). Based on their speech area, they are as follows:[5]

  • The Aduwei dialect is spoken in the north and a small part in the south, including the villages of Salafen, Aduwei, and Atkari.
  • The Gam dialect is spoken in the villages of Waya Gam, Magey, and parts of Kapatcol.
  • The Matlow dialect is spoken on the south and east coast of Misool Island, especially in the villages of Fafanlap, Kafopop (Kayerepop), Yellu, Dabatan, and Gamta. It is also considered a separate language by the Language Development and Fostering Agency. However, in general, the differences are not very pronounced. This dialect is also known as Matbat Laut or Misool.[6]
  • The Me Yot (Me Tip) dialect is the dialect with the most speakers. This dialect covers most of southern Misool Island and the interior, including areas such as the villages of Me Yot, Bemlol, Audam, Temulol (Tomolol), Folley (Me Fol), Lenmalas, and Atkari.

Phonology

The phonology of the Matbat language is summarized below:[7]

Consonant sounds
Labial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive p b t d k g
Fricative f s h
Nasal m n ŋ
Lateral l
Glide j w

Script error: No such module "IPA". can be heard freely as Script error: No such module "IPA". or Script error: No such module "IPA". in word-initial position.[1]

Vowel sounds
Front Back
Close i u
Mid e o
ɛ ɔ
Open a

Tones

Matbat has five lexical tones: high falling Script error: No such module "IPA". 41, high Script error: No such module "IPA". 3, low rising Script error: No such module "IPA". 12, low level Script error: No such module "IPA". 1, and low falling Script error: No such module "IPA". 21, which in open syllables has a peaking allophone, Script error: No such module "IPA". 121. Most Matbat words are monosyllabic; additional syllables in polysyllabic words are often weak and toneless, though a few words do have two tonic syllables. Examples of some of the longer monomorphemic words are Script error: No such module "IPA". 'star', Script error: No such module "IPA". 'sea shore', Script error: No such module "IPA". 'round', Script error: No such module "IPA". 'butterfly'.

Evolution

Tonogenesis in Matbat remains unclear. Some Matbat reflexes of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian (PMP) proto-forms are listed below.[3]Template:Rp

  • PMP Script error: No such module "Lang". > Mayá Script error: No such module "Lang". 'kill'
  • PMP Script error: No such module "Lang". > Script error: No such module "Lang". 'full'
  • PMP Script error: No such module "Lang". > Script error: No such module "Lang". 'error'
  • PMP Script error: No such module "Lang". (> Script error: No such module "Lang".) > Script error: No such module "Lang". 'egg'
  • PMP Script error: No such module "Lang". > Script error: No such module "Lang". 'die'
  • PMP Script error: No such module "Lang". > Script error: No such module "Lang". 'louse'

Numerals

Matbat, a Malayo-Polynesian language, shares a basic numeral vocabulary. Here is a comparison with Indonesian and its translation.[5]

Gloss Matbat Indonesian
one sa satu
two lu dua
three tol tiga
four itat empat
five ilim lima
six inom enam
seven ifit tujuh
eight iwal delapan
nine isiu sembilan
ten iya sepuluh
eleven yamaten sebelas
twenty yalu dua puluh
fifty yun lima puluh
one hundred yip seratus

References

Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.

  1. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Remijsen, A. C. L. (2002). Word-Prosodic Systems of Raja Ampat Languages. Leiden: Leiden University.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kamholz, David (2014). Austronesians in Papua: Diversification and Change in South Halmahera–West New Guinea (Ph.D. thesis). University of California, Berkeley.
  3. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Blust, Robert (2013). The Austronesian Languages (Revised ed.). Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. hdl:1885/10191. ISBN 978-1-922185-07-5.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ronsumbre, Adolof (2020). Ensiklopedia Suku Bangsa di Provinsi Papua Barat. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kepel Press. ISBN 978-602-356-318-0.
  5. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Yapsenang, Yudha N.; Apituley, Peter M.; Slippy, Janeke P.; Rasyid, Ramla A. (2013). Putra, Cahya; Sudayasa, I Made (eds.). Kearifan Lokal Sistem Berladang Etnis Matbat di Kampung Magey Distrik Misool Barat Kabupaten Raja Ampat (PDF) (in Bahasa Indonesia). Ministry of Education and Culture (1 ed.). Yogyakarta: Kepel Press. pp. 1–137. ISBN 978-602-1228-06-7.
  6. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mambrisaw, Artemas; Wurlianty, Barnabas; Liuw, Fery; Hamel, Samuel; Lamatenggo, Yusdi; Rumbekwan, Inna; Muljadi, Andreas H.; Sukmara, Asep; Sumantri, Hendi; Omkarsba, Joris (2006). Atlas Sumberdaya Pesisir Kabupaten Raja Ampat Provinsi Irian Jaya Barat (PDF) (in Bahasa Indonesia). Cooperation between the Raja Ampat Regency Government and the Raja Ampat Regency Coastal Resources Atlas Consortium; fully funded by Conservation International Indonesia (CII). Waisai: Konsorsium Atlas Sumberdaya Pesisir Kabupaten Raja Ampat. pp. 1–139.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Remijsen, Bert (2010). Nouns and Verbs in Magey Matbat. Michael C. Ewing and Marian Klamer (eds.), East Nusantara: typological and areal analyses: Australian National University. pp. 281–311.

Further reading

Page Template:Refbegin/styles.css has no content.

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found.

Template:Halmahera–Cenderawasih languages Template:Eastern Malayo-Polynesian languages

Retrieved from "https://cosmopedia.co/index.php?title=Matbat_language&oldid=11041756"