Maykop
Template:Short description Template:DMCAScript error: No such module "other uses". Script error: No such module "Template wrapper".Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters". Maykop (/meɪˈkɒp, maɪ-/)[a] is the capital city of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River. It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south; Giaginsky District to the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai to the west.
Population: Template:Ru-census2021 144,249 (2010 census);[1] 156,931 (2002 census);[2] 148,608 (1989 Soviet census).[3]Page Module:Historical populations/styles.css has no content.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1897 | 34,300 | — |
| 1926 | 52,525 | +53.1% |
| 1939 | 55,871 | +6.4% |
| 1959 | 82,135 | +47.0% |
| 1970 | 110,212 | +34.2% |
| 1979 | 127,828 | +16.0% |
| 1989 | 148,608 | +16.3% |
| 2002 | 156,931 | +5.6% |
| 2010 | 144,249 | −8.1% |
| 2021 | 143,385 | −0.6% |
| Source: Census data | ||
History
The city gave its name to the early Bronze Age Maykop culture after the discovery of a royal burial site there in 1897.[4]
Following the establishment of a military camp in 1825,[5] the Imperial Russian Army built a military fort at Maykop in 1857.[6]
In 1910 oil deposits were discovered in the vicinity of Maykop.[7] The city was the administrative center of the Maykopsky Otdel of the Kuban Oblast.
In 1936, Maykop and the surrounding region merged with Adyghe Autonomous Oblast and became the administrative centre of the autonomy. The Wehrmacht occupied Maykop on 10 August 1942 without a fight as a result of a commando operation by the Brandenburgers during the Battle of the Caucasus. German attempts to re-start oil production in the scorched-earth area proved only minimally successful. On 29 January 1943, the Transcaucasian Front of the Red Army re-took the town.[8]
Since 1991 Maykop has served as the capital of the Republic of Adygea in the Russian Federation.
Economy
The discovery of extensive underground oil reserves has made Maykop a major centre for oil extraction for the Soviet Union and, subsequently, Russia. Other economically important sectors are food processing and the timber industry.
Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, it is, together with eight rural localities, incorporated as Maykop Republican Urban Okrug—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[9] It has the following rural localities under its jurisdiction:[10]
- khutor of Gaverdovsky
- stanitsa of Khanskaya
- khutor of Kosinov
- settlement of Podgorny
- settlement of Rodnikovy
- settlement of Severny
- khutor of Vesyoly
- settlement of Zapadny
As a municipal division, Maykop Republican Urban Okrug is incorporated as Maykop Urban Okrug.[11]
Ethnic groups
Ethnic groups in Maykop (2010):[12]
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Russians | 96 119 | 71,29% |
| Adyghe | 26 584 | 18,19% |
| Armenians | 4 085 | 3,03% |
| Ukrainians | 2 537 | 1,88% |
| Cherkess | 1 812 | 1,34% |
| Tatars | 895 | 0,66% |
| Belarusians | 530 | 0,39% |
| Chechens | 448 | 0,33% |
| Azerbaijanis | 339 | 0,25% |
| Caucasus Greeks | 312 | 0,23% |
| Kabardians | 246 | 0,18% |
| Georgians | 241 | 0,18% |
| Germans | 235 | 0,17% |
| Romani | 201 | 0,15% |
| Ingush | 155 | 0,11% |
| Ossetians | 152 | 0,11% |
| Abkhaz | 136 | 0,10% |
| Uzbeks | 102 | 0,08% |
| Others | 1 757 | 1,30% |
Ethnic groups in Maykop (2020):[13]
| Ethnicity | Population | Percentage |
|---|---|---|
| Russians | 84 913 | 59,22% |
| Adyghe | 20 339 | 14,18% |
| Cherkess | 5 750 | 4,01% |
| Armenians | 3 242 | 2,26% |
| Ukrainians | 925 | 0,65% |
| Tatars | 556 | 0,39% |
| Turkmens | 461 | 0,32% |
| Chechens | 363 | 0,25% |
| Azerbaijanis | 302 | 0,21% |
| Others | 26 534 | 18,31% |
Education
Maykop is home to the Adyghe State University and Maykop State Technological University. There are also several facilities of professional education in Maykop. There are many schools. For example, Adyghe Republican Gymnasium which is located near the mosque, the theatre and the park of friendship. It has 11 grades. There are many rules: students must wear a uniform, girls must have pony tails or braids. The school has five buildings. There is a sports hall where students play basketball and volleyball. There is also a football pitch where boys play football. A canteen is a separate building.
Geography
Climate
Maykop lies within the humid subtropical climate zone (Cfa), according to the Köppen climate classification, or just within the humid continental climate (Dfa) zone according to the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm.
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February 15, 2010 saw Maykop record the absolute maximum for any winter month in Russia: 23.4 °C or 74.1 °F.[citation needed]
Military
On the south side of the city, alongside the Belaya River is the military complex housing the 131st Motor Rifle Brigade of the Southern Military District of the Russian Armed Forces which took part in the First Chechen War.
People
- Nikita Kucherov, professional ice hockey player
- Anton Nemkin, politician, entrepreneur and racing driver
Notes
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References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Federal State Statistics Service (21 May 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ivanova, Mariya (2007). "The Chronology of the "Maikop Culture" in the North Caucasus: Changing Perspectives". Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies. II: 7–39.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Potto, Vasiliy Aleksandrovich (1887). Кавказская война въ отдѣльныхъ очеркахъ, эпизодахъ, легендахъ и біографіяхъ: Томъ 2-й: Ермоловское время (in русский) (2 ed.). Saint Petersburg: Е. Евдокимов. pp. 527–528. Archived from the original on 5 November 2021. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
23 июня [1825 года] отряд расположился лагерем на реке Сагауше (Белой), против горы Таглек, там, где теперь стоит город Майкоп…
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.James B. Minahan (30 May 2002). Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: Ethnic and National Groups Around the World A-Z. ABC-CLIO. p. 38. ISBN 9780313076961.
- ^
Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Garvin, James Louis, ed. (1926). "Petroleum". The Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 3 (13 ed.). The Encyclopædia Britannica Company, ltd. Retrieved 11 September 2019.
The Maikop field in the province of Kuban on the north flank of the Caucasus, northeast of the Black Sea, was discovered in 1910.
- ^ Освобождение городов
- ^ Law #171
- ^ Law #223
- ^ Law #171 stipulates that the borders of the republican urban okrugs are identical to those of the municipal urban okrugs.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Irina BABICH (2004). "THE REPUBLIC OF ADIGEY: ISLAM AND SOCIETY AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY". Central Asia and the Caucasus. 6 (30): 55.
- ^ Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Том 5. Национальный состав и владение языками. Таблица 1. Национальный состав населения
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Climatic Norms" Климатические нормы. Meteoinfo (in Russian). Hydrometeorological Center of Russia. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."worldweather.org". Archived from the original on 25 October 2017. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Maykop monthly weather averages". weather2visit. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Maykop Annual Weather Averages Adygeya, RU". World Weather Online. Retrieved 3 February 2024.
Sources
- Script error: No such module "Lang". (State Assembly of the Republic of Adygea. Law #171 of May 5, 2000 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Republic of Adygea, as amended by the Law #97 of June 6, 2012 On Amending Various Laws of the Republic of Adygea Due to the Adoption of the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On Transformation of the Urban-Type Settlement of Tulsky into a Settlement—a Rural Locality. Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Script error: No such module "Lang". (Council of the Republic of Adygea. Law #223 of May 24, 2004 On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders, as amended by the Law #347 of November 27, 2014 On Amending the Law of the Republic of Adygea "On the Municipal Formation "the City of Maykop", Granting It the Status of an Urban Okrug, and on the Establishment of Its Borders". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
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