Modular invariance
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In theoretical physics, modular invariance[1] is the invariance under the group such as SL(2,Z) of large diffeomorphisms of the torus. The name comes from the classical name modular group of this group, as in modular form theory.
In string theory, modular invariance is an additional requirement for one-loop diagrams. This helps in getting rid of some global anomalies such as the gravitational anomalies.
Equivalently, in two-dimensional conformal field theory the torus partition function must be invariant under the modular group SL(2,Z).
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Benedetti, Valentin; Casini, Horacio; Kawahigashi, Yasuyuki; Longo, Roberto; M. Magán, Javier (2 December 2024). "Modular invariance as completeness". journals.aps.org. Physical Review D. p. 125004. doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.110.125004. Retrieved 21 August 2025.
