Moganite
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| Moganite | |
|---|---|
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| General | |
| Category | Tectosilicate minerals |
| Group | Quartz group |
| Formula | SiO2 |
| IMA symbol | Mog[1] |
| Strunz classification | 4.DA.20 |
| Dana classification | 75.01.04.02 |
| Crystal system | Monoclinic |
| Crystal class | Prismatic (2/m) (same H–M symbol) |
| Space group | I2/a |
| Identification | |
| Color | Grey |
| Crystal habit | Massive |
| Mohs scale hardness | 6 |
| Luster | Earthy, dull |
| Streak | White |
| Diaphaneity | Transparent |
| Specific gravity | 2.52 – 2.58 |
| Optical properties | Biaxial |
| Refractive index | nα = 1.524 nγ = 1.531 |
| References | [2][3][4] |
Moganite is a tectosilicate mineral with the chemical formula SiO2 (silicon dioxide) that was discovered in 1976. The mineral was initially described as a new form of silica, on the basis of specimens found in the Barranco de Medio Almud ravine. This ravine is in the municipality of Mogán, on the island of Gran Canaria, in the Canary Islands region of Spain.[5] In later work, the mineral derived its name from this locality.[6] In 1994, the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) disapproved moganite as a valid mineral, since it was considered to be indistinguishable from quartz.[7] Subsequent studies allowed the IMA to correct this in 1999, accepting moganite as a mineral species.[8] It has the same chemical composition as quartz, but a different crystal structure.[4]
Moganite has been mainly found in dry locales such as Gran Canaria and Lake Magadi.[9] It has been reported from a variety of locations in Europe, India and the United States.[3] Physically, it has a Mohs hardness of about 6, a dull luster, and a semitransparent gray color.
Structural information
The main infrared spectroscopy (IR) differences between moganite and α-quartz occur in the wavenumber region below 650 cm−1. Above this wavenumber, the frequencies of Si–O stretching vibrations of moganite are almost identical to those of quartz. Additional moganite bands were recorded near 165, 207, 296, 343, 419, 576, and 612 cm−1.[10]
Structural phase transition
Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data for moganite from Template:Cvt has revealed a reversible phase transition from space group I2/a to Imab at approximately Template:Cvt.[11] The in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that while the thermal responses of H2O and OH in moganite display similarities to agate, the spectra are not completely identical. Absorptions in the O–H stretching region reveal that the process of dehydration and dehydroxylation has multiple stages. Although hydrogen loss starts below Template:Cvt, hydrous species may well remain in moganite even at Template:Cvt.[12]
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Mineralienatlas Lexicon – Mogánite". Mineralienatlas. Retrieved 13 August 2023.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Ralph, Jolyon; Ralph, Ida (2007). "Moganite: Moganite Mineral Information and Data". MinDat. Retrieved 1 August 2007.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Barthelmy, David (2014). "Moganite Mineral Data". Mineralogy Database. Retrieved 28 January 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Flörque, O.W.; Jones, J.B.; Schmincke, H.U. (1976). "A new microcrystalline silica from Gran Canaria". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie. 143: 156–165.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Flörque, O.W.; Flörque, U.; Giese, U. (1984). "Moganite, a new microcristaline silica-mineral". Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie (Abhandlungen). 149: 325–336.
- ^ Origlieri, M., 1994. "Moganite: a New Mineral – Not!" Lithosphere. Aug. 2007 https://geopress.rbnet.net/moganite.htm
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Grice, Joel D.; Ferraris, Giovanni (2000). "New minerals approved in 1999 by the commission on new minerals and mineral names, International Mineralogical Association". The Canadian Mineralogist. 38 (1): 245–250. Bibcode:2000CaMin..38..245G. doi:10.2113/gscanmin.38.1.245.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Heaney, Peter J.; Post, Jeffrey E. (1992). "The Widespread Distribution of a Novel Silica Polymorph in Microcrystalline Quartz Varieties". Science. 255 (5043): 441–443. Bibcode:1992Sci...255..441H. doi:10.1126/science.255.5043.441. PMID 17842895. S2CID 32497622.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zhang, Ming; Moxon, Terry (2014). "Infrared absorption spectroscopy of SiO2-moganite". American Mineralogist. 99 (4): 671–680. Bibcode:2014AmMin..99..671Z. doi:10.2138/am.2014.4589. S2CID 56255006.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Heaney, Peter J.; Post, Jeffrey E. (2001). "Evidence for an I2/a to Imab phase transition in the silica polymorph moganite at ~570 K". American Mineralogist. 86 (11–12): 1358–1366. Bibcode:2001AmMin..86.1358H. doi:10.2138/am-2001-11-1204. S2CID 6093768.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Zhang, Ming; Moxon, Terry (2012). "In situ infrared spectroscopic studies of OH, H2O and CO2 in moganite at high temperatures". European Journal of Mineralogy. 24 (1): 123–131. Bibcode:2012EJMin..24..123Z. doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2011/0023-2165.
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