Mu Herculis

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μ Herculis
Location of μ Herculis (circled in red)
Characteristics
μ Her Aab
Spectral type G5IV[1] / M4±1V[2]
U−B color index +0.40[3]
B−V color index +0.76[3]
μ Her BC
Spectral type M3.5V[4]
U−B color index +1.00[3]
B−V color index +1.50[3]
Astrometry
μ Her Aab
Radial velocity (Rv)−17.07 ± 0.12[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −291.66[6] mas/yr
Dec.: −749.60[6] mas/yr
Parallax (π)120.069±0.089 mas[7]
DistanceTemplate:Rnd ± Template:Rnd ly
(Template:Rnd ± Template:Rnd pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)3.82 ± 0.02[5]
μ Her BC
Proper motion (μ) RA: −343.35[8] mas/yr
Dec.: −743.88[8] mas/yr
Absolute magnitude (MV)+10.26[9]
Orbit[7]
Primaryμ Her A
Nameμ Her BC
Period (P)12905.46+421.70
−608.68 yr
Semi-major axis (a)1132+25
−33 AU
Eccentricity (e)0.879±0.004
Inclination (i)79.58±0.21°
Longitude of the node (Ω)238.05±0.34°
Periastron epoch (T)4690500.10+77254.66
−110823.59
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		290.6±0.8°
Orbit[7]
Primaryμ Her Aa
Nameμ Her Ab
Period (P)78.987±0.288 yr
Semi-major axis (a)20.418±0.050 AU
Eccentricity (e)0.379±0.001
Inclination (i)62.39±0.07°
Longitude of the node (Ω)267.50±0.06°
Periastron epoch (T)2460156.6±7.3
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		50.303±0.224°
Orbit[7]
Primaryμ Her B
Nameμ Her C
Period (P)43.141±0.008 yr
Semi-major axis (a)11.705±0.031 AU
Eccentricity (e)0.179±0.001
Inclination (i)66.10±0.09°
Longitude of the node (Ω)60.48±0.14°
Periastron epoch (T)2454637.0±20.8
Argument of periastron (ω)
(secondary)		173.430±0.510°
Details
μ Her Aa
Mass1.134±0.007[7] M☉
Radius1.709+0.030
−0.015[10] R☉
Luminosity2.557±0.026[11] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.020±0.025[11] cgs
Temperature5,596±22[11] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.26±0.04[11] dex
Rotation52+3
−1 d[5]
Rotational velocity (v sin i)1.7 ± 0.4[5] km/s
Age8.4+0.4
−0.1[10] Gyr
μ Her Ab
Mass0.2286±0.0006[7] M☉
μ Her B
Mass0.417±0.005[7] M☉
Radius0.378±0.026[12] R☉
Luminosity0.087[13] L☉
Temperature3,100±32[12] K
Metallicity [Fe/H]+0.40 dex
μ Her C[12]
Mass0.445±0.005[7] M☉
Radius0.378±0.026[12] R☉
Temperature3,100±32[12] K
Metallicity+0.40[12]
Other designations
86 Herculis, Gl 695, HR 6623, BD+27°2888, HD 161797, LHS 3326/3325, LTT 15266, SAO 85397, FK5 667, LFT 1374, GC 24138, ADS 10786, HIP 86974.[14]
Database references
SIMBADμ Her Aab
μ Her BC

Mu Herculis (μ Herculis) is a nearby quadruple star system about 27.1 light years (8.3 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation Hercules. Its main star, Mu Herculis A is fairly similar to the Sun although more highly evolved with a stellar classification of G5 IV. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified.[15] Its mass is about 1.1 times that of the Sun,[5] and it is beginning to expand to become a giant.

Etymology

In the catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, this star was designated Marfak Al Jathih Al Aisr, which was translated into Latin as Cubitum Sinistrum Ingeniculi, meaning the left elbow of kneeling man.[16]

In Chinese, Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang".), the Left Wall of Heavenly Market Enclosure, refers to an asterism which represents eleven old states in China, marking the left borderline of the enclosure, consisting of μ Herculis, δ Herculis, λ Herculis, ο Herculis, 112 Herculis, ζ Aquilae, θ1 Serpentis, η Serpentis, ν Ophiuchi, ξ Serpentis and η Ophiuchi.[17] Consequently, the Chinese name for μ Herculis itself is Script error: No such module "Lang". (Script error: No such module "Lang"., Template:Langx), represent Jiuhe (九河, lit. meaning nine rivers), possibly for Jiujiang, the prefecture-level city in Jiangxi, China, which is the same literally meaning with Jiuhe.[18][19] From this Chinese title, the name Kew Ho appeared.[20]

Star system

Mu Herculis is a quadruple star system. The brightest star is a well-studied G-type subgiant, whose parameters are precisely determined from asteroseismology.[5] It was believed to be a close binary with a low-mass stellar or a large substellar companion. This was confirmed when low-mass companion was resolved using near-infrared spectroscopy.[21] The companion star is a red dwarf with a spectral type of M4±1V and a mass of 0.228 M☉.[2] This pair is also known as Mu1 Herculis.

The secondary component, also known as Mu2 Herculis,[22] consists of a pair of stars that orbit about each other with a period of about 43 years.[23] Mu Herculis A and the binary pair B-C are separated by some 35 arcseconds.[14] The stars B and C, which orbit each other, are separated from each other by 1.385 arcseconds, and have a slightly eccentric orbit, at 0.179.[24]

See also

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Yang, Wuming; Meng, Xiangcun (April 2010). "Models of μ Her with asteroseismic constraints". New Astronomy. 15 (4): 367–372. arXiv:0911.0749. Bibcode:2010NewA...15..367Y. doi:10.1016/j.newast.2009.11.001. S2CID 119121800.
  2. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Roberts Jr., Lewis C.; Mason, Brian D.; Aguilar, Jonathan; et al. (2016-06-01). "Characterization of the Companion μ Her". The Astronomical Journal. 151 (6): 169. arXiv:1604.06494. Bibcode:2016AJ....151..169R. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/151/6/169. ISSN 0004-6256.
  3. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Mermilliod, J.-C. (1986). "Compilation of Eggen's UBV data, transformed to UBV (unpublished)". Catalogue of Eggen's UBV Data: 0. Bibcode:1986EgUBV........0M.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Alonso-Floriano, F. J.; Morales, J. C.; Caballero, J. A.; et al. (2015). "CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. I. Low-resolution spectroscopy with CAFOS". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 577. EDP Sciences: A128. arXiv:1502.07580. Bibcode:2015A&A...577A.128A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201525803. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 53135130. Retrieved 2026-04-16.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Grundahl, F.; Andersen, M. Fredslund; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; et al. (2017-02-10). "First Results from the Hertzsprung SONG Telescope: Asteroseismology of the G5 Subgiant Star μ Herculis". The Astrophysical Journal. 836 (1): 142. arXiv:1701.03365. Bibcode:2017ApJ...836..142G. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/142. ISSN 0004-637X. S2CID 119480210.
  6. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653–664. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357. S2CID 18759600.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Marcussen, Marcus L.; Lund, Mikkel N.; Grundahl, Frank; et al. (2026-04-14). "The μ Herculis system solved after nearly three centuries". arXiv:2604.12492 [astro-ph.SR].
  8. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Röser, S.; Schilbach, E.; Schwan, H.; Kharchenko, N. V.; Piskunov, A. E.; Scholz, R.-D. (2008). "PPM-Extended (PPMX) – a catalogue of positions and proper motions". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 488 (1): 401. arXiv:0806.1009. Bibcode:2008A&A...488..401R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809775. S2CID 17350617.
  9. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Davison, Cassy L.; White, R. J.; Henry, T. J.; Riedel, A. R.; Jao, W. -C.; Bailey, J. I.; Quinn, S. N.; Cantrell, J. R.; Subasavage, J. P.; Winters, J. G. (2015). "A 3D Search for Companions to 12 Nearby M Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 149 (3): 106. arXiv:1501.05012. Bibcode:2015AJ....149..106D. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/149/3/106. S2CID 9719725.
  10. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gupta, Advik; Verma, Kuldeep; Kjeldsen, Hans; et al. (2025-11-08). "Glitch analysis and asteroseismic modelling of subgiant μ Herculis: confirming and interpreting the Γ1 peak as the helium glitch". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 544 (4). Oxford University Press (OUP): 3428–3443. arXiv:2509.01577. Bibcode:2025MNRAS.544.3428G. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1953. ISSN 0035-8711.
  11. ^ a b c d Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Karovicova, I.; White, T. R.; Nordlander, T.; Casagrande, L.; Ireland, M.; Huber, D. (February 2022). "Fundamental stellar parameters of benchmark stars from CHARA interferometry -- III. Giant and subgiant stars". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 658: A48. arXiv:2109.13258. Bibcode:2022A&A...658A..48K. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202142100. ISSN 0004-6361.
  12. ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Houdebine, Éric R.; Mullan, D. J.; Doyle, J. G.; de la Vieuville, Geoffroy; Butler, C. J.; Paletou, F. (2019). "The Mass–Activity Relationships in M and K Dwarfs. I. Stellar Parameters of Our Sample of M and K Dwarfs". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (2): 56. arXiv:1905.07921. Bibcode:2019AJ....158...56H. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab23fe. S2CID 159041104.
  13. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Gaidos, E.; Mann, A. W.; Lépine, S.; Buccino, A.; James, D.; Ansdell, M.; Petrucci, R.; Mauas, P.; Hilton, E. J. (2014). "Trumpeting M dwarfs with CONCH-SHELL: A catalogue of nearby cool host-stars for habitable exoplanets and life". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 443 (3): 2561. arXiv:1406.7353. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.443.2561G. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1313.
  14. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."* mu. Her". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 24 May 2017. {{cite web}}: Invalid |mode=Script error: No such module "Citation mode". (help)
  15. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Garrison, R. F. (December 1993). "Anchor Points for the MK System of Spectral Classification". Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society. 25: 1319. Bibcode:1993AAS...183.1710G. Archived from the original on 2019-06-25. Retrieved 2012-02-04.
  16. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Knobel, E. B. (June 1895). "Al Achsasi Al Mouakket, on a catalogue of stars in the Calendarium of Mohammad Al Achsasi Al Mouakket". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 55 (8): 429. Bibcode:1895MNRAS..55..429K. doi:10.1093/mnras/55.8.429.
  17. ^ Template:In lang 中國星座神話, written by 陳久金. Published by 台灣書房出版有限公司, 2005, Template:ISBN.
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  20. ^ Star Name - R.H. Allen p. 238
  21. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Debes, John H.; Ge, Jian; Chakraborty, Abhijit (2002-06-20). "First High-Contrast Imaging Using a Gaussian Aperture Pupil Mask". The Astrophysical Journal. 572 (2): L165–L168. arXiv:astro-ph/0205123. Bibcode:2002ApJ...572L.165D. doi:10.1086/341876. Retrieved 2026-04-16.
  22. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."* mu.02 Her". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 24 May 2017. {{cite web}}: Invalid |mode=Script error: No such module "Citation mode". (help)
  23. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Turner, Nils H.; et al. (June 2001). "Search for Faint Companions to Nearby Solar-like Stars using the Adaptive Optics System at Mount Wilson Observatory". The Astronomical Journal. 121 (6): 3254–3258. Bibcode:2001AJ....121.3254T. doi:10.1086/321075.
  24. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Sixth Catalog of Orbits of Visual Binary Stars". United States Naval Observatory. Archived from the original on 1 August 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2017.
Cite error: A list-defined reference named "2MASS" is not used in the content (see the help page).

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