Muya language

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Template:Short description

Page Template:Plainlist/styles.css has no content.Page Module:Infobox/styles.css has no content.

Muya
Munya
Native toChina
RegionSichuan
Native speakers
Eastern: 2,000 (2020)Template:Ethnologue25 does not exist
Western: 12,000 (2020)[1]
Dialects
  • East
  • West
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
emq – Eastern Minyag
wmg – Western Minyag
Glottologmuya1239
ELPTemplate:Endangered Languages Project
LinguasphereTemplate:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
 Template:Infobox language/lingualist
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found.
Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found.
Muya is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger

Page Template:Infobox/styles-images.css has no content.Script error: No such module "Check for conflicting parameters".

Munya or Muya (simplified Chinese: 木雅语; traditional Chinese: 木雅語; also Manyak Script error: No such module "Lang".,[2] Menia 么呢阿;[3] Tibetan: Page Template:Bo-textonly/fonts.css has no content.མི་ཉག, Wylie: Template:Tlit, THL: Template:Tlit[4]) is one of the Qiangic languages spoken in China. There are two dialects, Western and Eastern, which are not mutually intelligible. Most research on Munya has been conducted by Ikeda Takumi. There are about 2,000 monolinguals.

Names

The language has been spelled in various ways, including Manyak, Menya, Minyag, and Minyak. Other names for the language are Boba and Miyao.

Dialects

Ethnologue (21st edition) lists two Muya dialects, namely Eastern (Nyagrong) and Western (Darmdo). Muya is spoken in

Sun (1991) documents Muya (木雅) of Liuba Township (六坝乡), Shade District (沙德区), Kangding County (康定县), Sichuan.[5]

Phonology

Consonants[6]
Labial Alveolar Retroflex Alveolo-palatal Velar Uvular Glottal
Plosive oral p b t d k g q ɢ
aspirated pʰ tʰ kʰ qʰ
prenasalized ᵐpʰ ᵐb ⁿtʰ ⁿd ᵑkʰ ᵑg ᶰqʰ ᶰɢ
Affricate oral ts dz ʈʂ ɖʐ tɕ dʑ
aspirated tsʰ ʈʂʰ tɕʰ
prenasalized ⁿtsʰ ⁿdz ⁿʈʂʰ ⁿɖʐ ⁿtɕʰ ⁿdʑ
Fricative f v s z ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ x ɣ χ ʁ h ɦ
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Approximant w l j
  • /ʑ/ can sometimes be heard as [r].
Vowels[6]
Front Central Back
Unrounded Rounded
High i ĩ y ɯ ɯ̰ u ũ
Mid-high e ẽ ø o õ
Mid-low ɛ ɛ̃ ɔ
Low æ æ̰ ɐ ɐ̰ ɑ ɑ̃

Additionally, the following diphthongs have been observed: /yi/, /ui/, /ie/, /ye/, /ue/, /uø/, /iɛ̃/, /yɛ/, /yɛ̃/, /uɛ/, /uæ/, /uæ̰/, /yɐ/, /yɐ̰/, /uɐ/, /yɯ/, /uɯ/, /yɑ/, /yɑ̃/, /uɑ/.

Muya also has four tones:[6]

  • [ ˥ ] - high, level
  • [ ˥˧ ] - high-falling
  • [ ˧˥ ] - high-rising
  • [ ˧ ] - mid, level

In 2008, Bamu, a singer with the Jiuzhaigou Art Troupe in the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan, recorded an album of Muya songs (木雅七韵).[7]

References

Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference e25 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Manyak" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-11-02 – via Asia Harvest.
  3. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Menia" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-06-10 – via Asia Harvest.
  4. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Minyak". places.kmaps.virginia.edu. Retrieved March 24, 2023.
  5. ^ Template:Harvp
  6. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Namkung, Ju (1996). Matisoff, James A. (ed.). "Phonological Inventories of Tibeto-Burman Languages" (PDF). Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Monograph Series (3). University of California, Berkeley.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Huang, Zhiling (2014-05-27). "Chasing the Fading Music". China Daily USA. One woman's passion for the songs of a remote ethnic people may save not only the Muya's music, but the language itself. Huang Zhiling reports from Chengdu. Muya music might already be lost if Yang Hua had not given up her job as a mathematics teacher." ..."After the recording was over, Bamu told Yang it was a folk song of the Muya people. The song told how a girl working outside her hometown misses her mom, who says jewelry does not mean anything if one is not educated, and the singer wishes her mom good health. "It was the first time I heard the word 'Muya'," Yang says.

Bibliography

Page Template:Refbegin/styles.css has no content.

  • Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bai, Junwei (2019). A Grammar of Munya (PhD thesis). James Cook University. doi:10.25903/2SHV-X307.
  • Drolma, Dawa; Suzuki, Hiroyuki (2016). Preliminary report on the Darmdo Minyag linguistic area, with a geolinguistic description of terms for ‘sun’.

Studies in Asian Geolinguistics 1. 72–78.

Template:Sino-Tibetan languages Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found. Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Navbox/configuration' not found.

Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Authority control/config' not found.

Retrieved from "https://cosmopedia.co/index.php?title=Muya_language&oldid=10204664"