Neutral Municipality
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| Neutral Municipality of the Court Município Neutro da Corte | |
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| Neutral municipality of the Empire of Brazil | |
| 1834–1889 | |
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| Capital | Rio de Janeiro |
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| Population | |
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| History | |
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| Today part of | Rio de Janeiro Niterói |
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The Neutral Municipality (Template:Langx), officially known during the imperial period as the Neutral Municipality of the Court (Script error: No such module "Lang".), was an administrative division of the Empire of Brazil. It covered the area of present-day Rio de Janeiro and existed from 12 August 1834, following the enactment of the Additional Act to the Constitution of 1824, until the proclamation of the republic on 15 November 1889.[1] It only officially ceased to exist with the promulgation of the 1891 Constitution in 1891.[2] The municipality was formally abolished under the 1891 Constitution, after which its territory became the Federal District of Brazil.[3]
History
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This section needs additional citations for verification. (September 2025) |
After the Portuguese royal court was transferred to Rio de Janeiro in 1808, the captaincy came under direct administration of the central government, unlike other captaincies which enjoyed greater local autonomy.
Following Brazilian independence in 1822, Rio de Janeiro continued to be governed more directly than other provinces, largely because it remained the capital of the Viceroyalty of Brazil.
Furthermore, Rio de Janeiro remained as the capital of the Empire of Brazil, which caused the minister to administer the whole province using decrees, which he directed to the Municipal chambers of cities which, at that time, were growing at a rapid pace due to the expansion and strengthening of coffee plantations in the Paraíba Valley, which already surpassed the strength of sugarcane plantations in the North Fluminense region.
In 1834, the Additional Act created the Neutral Municipality, separating the city of Rio de Janeiro from the surrounding Province of Rio de Janeiro. While the municipality remained under direct imperial control as the seat of government, the province established its capital in Vila Real da Praia Grande (renamed Niterói[a] in 1835).
The Neutral Municipality maintained its own elected municipal chamber, responsible for local administration, though certain services remained under national authority. After the proclamation of the republic in 1889, Rio de Janeiro continued to serve as Brazil's capital, and the Neutral Municipality was replaced by the Federal District under the Constitution of 1891.
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Artigo 10º do Decreto nº 1, de 15 de novembro de 1889". www.planalto.gov.br (in português do Brasil). Retrieved August 29, 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Artigo 2º da Constituição da República dos Estados Unidos do Brasil de 1891". www.planalto.gov.br (in português do Brasil). Retrieved August 29, 2025.
- ^ Recenseamento Geral do Brazil 1972: Municipio Neutro.
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- ^ At the time spelled "Nictheroy"
