Papula
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Papulae (sing. papula; also occasionally papulla, papullae), also known as dermal branchiae or skin gills, are projections of the coelom of Asteroidea that serve in respiration and waste removal.[1] Papulae are soft, covered externally with the epidermis, and lined internally with peritoneum. They extend through the mesodermal ossicles and are protected from microscopic larvae by pedicellariae. In a living specimen, the dermal gills can be extended or withdrawn.
References
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- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Shick, JM; Edwards, KC; Dearborn, JH (1981). "Physiological Ecology of the Deposit-Feeding Sea Star Ctenodiscus crispatus: Ciliated Surfaces and Animal-Sediment lnteractions". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 5: 165–184. doi:10.3354/meps005165. ISSN 0171-8630.
