Papyrus 115
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| New Testament manuscript | |
| Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:InfoboxImage/data' not found. Plate 1 recto, Revelation 1:1–3, 2:1–3, 2:4–3, 2:27–29, 5:8–9, 8:3–8, 8:11–13 | |
| Name | P. Oxy. 4499 |
|---|---|
| Text | Rev 2-3, 5-6, 8-15 |
| Date | c. 225-275 |
| Found | Oxyrhynchus, Egypt |
| Now at | Ashmolean Museum |
| Cite | Juan Chapa, Oxyrynchus Papyri 66:11-39. (#4499) |
| Size | 26 fragments; 15.5 x 23.5 cm; 33-36 lines/page |
| Type | Alexandrian, close agreement with A & C |
| Category | I |
| Note | Gives number of the beast as 616 |
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Papyrus 115, also known as P. Oxy. 4499, is a fragmented manuscript of the New Testament written in Greek on papyrus. It is designated by the siglum 𝔓115 in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts. It consists of 26 fragments of a codex containing parts of the Book of Revelation.[1]Template:R/superscript Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), the manuscript is dated to the third century, c. 225-275 AD.[2] Scholars Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Hunt discovered the papyrus in Oxyrhynchus, Egypt.
𝔓115 was not deciphered and published until 2011. It is currently housed at the Ashmolean Museum.[3]
Description
The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book) although in a very fragmentary condition. In its original form it was sized 15.5 cm by 22 cm, with 33-36 lines per page.[4]Template:R/superscript[1]Template:R/superscript The surviving text of Revelation,[1][4]Template:R/superscript of it's 22 chapters includes:
- 2:1-3, 13-15, 27-29
- 3:10-12
- 5:8-9
- 6:5-6
- 8:3-8, 11-13
- 9:1-5, 7-16, 18-21
- 10:1-4, 8-11
- 11:1-5, 8-15, 18-19
- 12:1-5, 8-10, 12-17
- 13:1-3, 6-16, 18
- 14:1-3, 5-7, 10-11, 14-15, 18-20
- 15:1, 4-7.
Due to the writing on the pages having a tendency to be narrower when the binding is on the right hand side, it is likely the codex was bound before the copyist started writing in it.[1]Template:R/superscript After its publication, scholar David C. Parker notes the manuscript "is a significant contribution to our understanding of the text of the book of Revelation",[4] and as such "may shed light on a crucial period in the development of the text of Revelation."[4]Template:R/superscript
There are some textual corrections in the manuscript which may be evidence the copyist had access to more than one examplar.[4]Template:R/superscript Out of 165 variant readings in the manuscript, only nine are considered "singular" or "unique" readings.[4]Template:R/superscript Five of these are according to Parker "obviously false", and there are therefore only four new textual readings.[4]Template:R/superscript Parker concludes that "none of these readings is original."[4]Template:R/superscript After a full overview of the manuscript, Parker summises: "It is sometimes suggested that the papyri have not had any genuine effect on the printed text of the New Testament. The example of this witness alone is sufficient to disprove the claim."[4]Template:R/superscript Biblical scholar Philip Comfort declares that "𝔓115 has superior testimony to that of 𝔓47, which aligns with Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א and together form the second-best witness to the book of Revelation."[5]Template:R/superscript[1]Template:R/superscript
The manuscript has evidence of the following Script error: No such module "Lang". (names/titles considered sacred in Christianity): ΙΗΛ (Israel), ΑΥΤΟΥ (his), ΠΡΣ (Father), ΘΩ/ΘΝ/ΘΥ (God), ΑΝΩΝ/ΑΝΟΥ (man), ΠΝΑ (Spirit), ΟΥΝΟΥ/ΟΥΝΟΝ/ΟΥΝΩ (heaven), ΚΥ (Master/Lord). The manuscript uses the Greek numeral system, with no number extant as being written out in full.[1]Template:R/superscript
Text
The manuscript is considered to be a witness to the Alexandrian text-type, following the text of Codex Alexandrinus (A) and Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (C).[5] In a comparison of the textual readings of this manuscript, Parker notes it is "usually right" when it agrees with A as opposed to C, incorrect when it disagrees with both, and only right less than half the time when it disagrees with A.[4]Template:R/superscript Accordingly, this shows that the text seen in A "confirms the superior quality" of A as opposed to the text seen in C. The textual variants against Codex Sinaiticus Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א and 𝔓47 show that 𝔓115 is more often right in reading the same as Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א as opposed to 𝔓47.[4]Template:R/superscript The manuscript also agrees with some later minuscules, which Parker states that "new discoveries sometimes show late witnesses to contain variants that are far older than we could have known."[4]Template:R/superscript According to Parker, the agreement of readings between this manuscripts and A and C "confirms the high quality of 𝔓115."[4]Template:R/superscript
An interesting element of 𝔓115 is that it apparently gives the number of the beast in Revelation 13:18 as 616 (chi, iota, stigma / ΧΙϚ), rather than the majority reading of 666 (chi, xi, stigma / ΧΞϚ)), as does Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus. According to the transcription of the INTF, a conjectured reading of the manuscript, due to the space left, is [χξϛ] η χιϛ (666 or 616), therefore not giving a definitive number to the beast.[6]
- Some notable readings[7]
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- και το τριτον της σεληνης (and a third of the moon):
- omit. : 𝔓115
- incl. : Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א A
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- ο απολλυων (the Destroyer) : 𝔓115 1740
- απολλυων (Apollyon) : 𝔓47 Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א pc gig 2344
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- δ / τεσσάρων (fourth)
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- λεγουσαι (they said) : 𝔓115 𝔓47 Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א C 051 1006 1611 1841 1854 2329 2344 A
- λεγοντες (saying) : A 2053 2351 K.
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- το ονομα (name) : 𝔓115 co Bea.
- τα ονοματα αυτων (their names) : 𝔓47 Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א P 051 1006 1841 2329 al lat
- το ονομα αυτου (his name) : C 1854 2053 pc Irlat Prim.
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- εκ του ουρανου (out of heaven)
- omit. : 𝔓115 175.
- incl. : 𝔓47 Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א A Majority of manuscripts
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- κατοικουντας (who inhabit) : 𝔓115 A 2049 69.
- καθημενους (dwelling) : 𝔓47 Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.א C P 1611 1854 2053 2329 pc syp, h Or
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- βχ (2600) : 𝔓115.
- αχ / χιλιων εξακοσιων (1600) : 𝔓47 Page Template:Script/styles hebrew.css has no content.אc2 A 42 69 82 93 177 325 456 498 627 699 1849 2138 2329 Majority of manuscripts
Gallery
-
Plate 1 verso, Revelation 2:13–14, 3:10–12, 6:5–6, 9:1–5, 9:7–11
-
Plate 2 recto, Revelation 9:11–16, 9:18–21, 11:1–6, 11:8–12
-
Plate 2 verso, Revelation 10:1–5, 10:7–11, 11:1, 11:13–15, 11:18–19, 12:1
-
Plate 3 recto, Revelation 12:2–5, 12:8–10, 13:6–16
-
Plate 3 verso, Revelation 12:13–17, 13:1–3, 13:18, 14:1–3, 14:5–7
-
Plate 4 recto, Revelation 14:10–11; 14:14–15
-
Plate 4 verso, Revelation 14:18–20, 15:1, 15:4–7
See also
References
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- ^ a b c d e f Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Comfort, Philip Wesley; David P. Barrett (2001). The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts. Wheaton, Illinois: Tyndale House Publishers. pp. 664–677. ISBN 978-0-8423-5265-9.
- ^ Juan Chapa, Oxy. Pap., 66:11-39, no. 4499
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Liste Handschriften: Papyrus 115". Münster: Institute for New Testament Textual Research. Retrieved 27 August 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parker, David Charles (2009). "A New Oxyrhynchus Papyrus of Revelation: P115 (P. Oxy. 4499)". Manuscripts, Texts, Theology: Collected Papers, 1977-2007. Berlin: De Gruyter. p. 73. ISBN 978-3-11-021193-1.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Comfort, Philip Wesley (2005). Encountering the Manuscripts. An Introduction to New Testament Paleography & Textual Criticism. Nashville, Tennessee: Broadman & Holman. p. 77.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Institute for New Testament Textual Research Papyrus 115 Transcription". Retrieved 26 September 2022.
- ^ Taken from NA27 Edition Apparatus, and http://ntvmr.uni-muenster.de/nt-transcripts Script error: No such module "webarchive".
External links
- Oxford University 'P. Oxy. LXVI 4499'
- Images of the fragments of P. Oxy. LXVI 4499
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