Parinari
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Parinari is a genus of plant in the family Chrysobalanaceae.[2]
Species of genus Parinari are found in Subsaharan Africa from Senegal to Sudan and Kenya and south to Namibia and Natal; in Eastern Madagascar; from Indochina through Indonesia, New Guinea, northern Queensland, and the southwest Pacific; and in Central and South America from Costa Rica to Trinidad and southern Brazil.[1][2] The oldest fossils of Parinari fruits are from the early Miocene of Ethiopia, Panama, and Colombia.[2]
The genus is closely related to Neocarya.[3]
Parinari can be distinguished from other genera in Chrysobalanaceae by the following characteristics:[4]
- zygomorphic floral symmetry
- 6-10 unilaterally-attached stamens per flower
- ovary at side or mouth of receptacle-tube
- leaf lower surface lanate and with hair-filled stomatal cavities and parallel secondaries closely spaced
- pair of glands on leaf petiole
- large, woody fruits
Species
As of May 2014[update] The Plant List recognises 42 accepted species (including infraspecific names):[5]
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- Parinari alvimii Template:Au
- Parinari anamensis Template:Au – Annamese burada
- Parinari argenteo-sericea Template:Au
- Parinari brasiliensis Template:Au
- Parinari campestris Template:Au
- Parinari canarioides Template:Au
- Parinari capensis Template:Au – Dwarf mobola plum
- Parinari cardiophylla Template:Au
- Parinari chocoensis Template:Au
- Parinari congensis Template:Au
- Parinari congolana Template:Au
- Parinari costata Template:Au
- Parinari curatellifolia Template:Au – Mobola plum
- Parinari elmeri Template:Au
- Parinari excelsa Template:Au – Guinea plum
- Parinari gigantea Template:Au
- Parinari hypochrysea Template:Au
- Parinari insularum Template:Au
- Parinari klugii Template:Au
- Parinari leontopitheci Template:Au
- Parinari littoralis Template:Au
- Parinari maguirei Template:Au
- Parinari metallica Template:Au
- Parinari montana Template:Au
- Parinari nonda Template:Au – Nonda plum
- Parinari oblongifolia Template:Au
- Parinari obtusifolia Template:Au
- Parinari occidentalis Template:Au
- Parinari pachyphylla Template:Au
- Parinari panamensis Template:Au
- Parinari papuana Template:Au
- Parinari parilis Template:Au
- Parinari parva Template:Au
- Parinari parvifolia Template:Au
- Parinari prancei Template:Au
- Parinari rigida Template:Au
- Parinari rodolphii Template:Au
- Parinari romeroi Template:Au
- Parinari sprucei Template:Au
- Parinari sumatrana Template:Au
References
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- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Parinari Aubl". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Jud, N.A., C. Nelson, F. Herrera, 2016 Fruits and wood of Parinari from the early Miocene of Panama and the fossil record of Chrysobalanaceae. American Journal of Botany 103 (2) 277-289.". Archived from the original on May 13, 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Chave, Jérôme; Prance, Ghillean T.; Sothers, Cynthia A.; Dexter, Kyle G.; Chamagne, Juliette; Bardon, Léa (2013-01-01). "Origin and evolution of Chrysobalanaceae: insights into the evolution of plants in the Neotropics". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 171 (1): 19–37. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01289.x. ISSN 0024-4074.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Prance, G.T.; Sothers, C. (2009). "Neotropical Chrysobalanaceae". In Milliken, W.; Klitgård, B.; Baracat, A. (eds.). Neotropikey - Interactive key and information resources for flowering plants of the Neotropics. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2019-09-17.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Parinari". The Plant List. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
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