Persicaria

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File:Leiden University Library - Seikei Zusetsu vol. 25, page 010 - 大毛蓼 - Persicaria orientalis (L.) Spach, 1804.jpg
Illustration from the Japanese agricultural encyclopedia Seikei Zusetsu (1804)

Persicaria is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the knotweed family, Polygonaceae. Plants of the genus are known commonly as knotweeds[2]Template:Rp or smartweeds.[3] It has a cosmopolitan distribution, with species occurring nearly worldwide.[3][4] The genus was segregated from Polygonum.[5]

Description

The genus includes annual and perennial herbs with taproots or fibrous root systems, or with rhizomes or stolons. The stems are often erect but may be prostrate along the ground, and some species are prickly.[3] The stems are self-supporting or twining and climbing.[6] The leaves are alternately arranged, deciduous, and variously shaped. The brownish or reddish ochrea may be leathery to papery. The inflorescence may be a panicle or a spikelike or headlike arrangement of fascicles of flowers. The flower is white, greenish, reddish, pink or purple, with the tepals partially fused together along the bases. The fruit is an achene which can take a number of shapes, including a disc or a sphere.[3]

Taxonomy

Within the family Polygonaceae, Persicaria is placed in the subfamily Polygonoideae, where the tribe Persicarieae consists of two sister genera, Bistorta and Koenigia, together with Persicaria.Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Footnotes/anchor_id_list' not found.

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Species

As of November 2023, the following 132 species were accepted:[7]

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Citations

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Persicaria Mill". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Stace, C. A. (2010). New Flora of the British Isles (Third ed.). Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. p. 88. ISBN 9780521707725.
  3. ^ a b c d Persicaria. Flora of North America.
  4. ^ Persicaria. New South Wales Flora Online. National Herbarium, Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney.
  5. ^ Wilson, K. L. (1990). "Some widespread species of Persicaria (Polygonaceae) and their allies". Kew Bulletin 45(4) 621-36.
  6. ^ Persicaria. FloraBase. Western Australian Herbarium.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Persicaria Mill". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-11-08.

General and cited references

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