Pilsner
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Pilsner (also pilsener or pils) is a type of pale lager. It takes its name from the Bohemian city of Plzeň (Template:Langx), where the world's first pale lager (now known as Pilsner Urquell) was produced in 1842 by Pilsner Urquell Brewery.[1][2]
History
The city of Plzeň was granted brewing rights in 1307.[3] Until the mid-1840s, most Bohemian beers were top-fermented. The Pilsner Urquell Brewery, originally called in Template:Langx (Template:Langx, Template:Langx), is where Pilsen beer was first brewed.[4]
Brewers had begun aging beer made with cool fermenting yeasts in caves (lager, i.e., Template:Langx [stored]), which improved the beer's clarity and shelf-life. Part of this research benefited from the knowledge already expounded on in a book (printed in German in 1794, in Czech in 1799) written by Czech brewer Script error: No such module "Lang". (Template:Langx) (1753–1805) from Brno.[5]
The Plzeň brewery recruited the Bavarian brewer Josef Groll (1813–1887) who, using the local ingredients, produced the first batch of pale lager on 5 October 1842. The combination of Plzeň's remarkably soft water, local Saaz noble hops from nearby Žatec, low-protein Moravian barley malt prepared by indirectly heated kilning, and Bavarian-style lagering produced a clear, golden beer.[citation needed]
By 1853, the beer was available at 35 pubs in Prague. In 1856, it came to Vienna and in 1862 to Paris. In 1859, Script error: No such module "Lang". was registered as a brand name at the Chamber of Commerce and Trade in Plzeň. In 1898, the Pilsner Urquell trademark was created to put emphasis on being the original brewery (Urquell, meaning 'original source').[6]
Some beers are labeled Urtyp Pilsener (UP) meaning they are brewed according to the original process, although many breweries use this accolade for their top beer.[7][8]
Modern developments
The introduction of modern refrigeration to Germany by Carl von Linde in the late 19th century eliminated the need for caves for beer storage, enabling the brewing and storing of cool fermenting beer in many new locations.[9]
Until 1993 the Pilsner Urquell brewery fermented its beer using open barrels in the cellars beneath their brewery. This changed in 1993 with the use of large cylindrical tanks. Small samples are still brewed in a traditional way for taste comparisons.[citation needed]
A modern pale lager termed a pilsner may have a very light, clear colour from pale to golden yellow, with varying levels of hop aroma and flavour. The alcohol strength of beers termed pilsner vary but are typically around 4.5%–5% (by volume). There are categories such as "European-Style Pilsner" at beer competitions such as the World Beer Cup. Pilsner style lagers are marketed internationally by numerous small brewers and larger conglomerates.[citation needed]
Styles
- Czech-style Pilsner
- Bright golden colour, moderately bitter and distinct aroma, brewed with malt and Saaz hops. In the Czech Republic, only Pilsner Urquell is named as "pilsner". However, outside of the Czech Republic, Czech-style Pilsner is synonymous with any such lager beers (including any Czech brand) – for example Pilsner Urquell, Budweiser Budvar, Gambrinus, Kozel, Radegast, Staropramen, Starobrno and Krušovice.
- German-style Pilsner
- Light straw to golden colour with more bitter or earthy taste – such as Beck's,[10] Bitburger, Flensburger, Fürstenberg, Holsten, Jever, König, Krombacher, Radeberger, St. Pauli Girl, Veltins,[11] Warsteiner, Wernesgrüner and Einbecker.[citation needed]
- European-style Pilsner
- Has a slightly sweet taste, can be produced from grains other than barley malt – such as the Dutch: Amstel, Grolsch and Heineken[12] or Belgian: Jupiler, Maes and Stella Artois.[13]
- American-style Pilsner
- German immigrants brought pilsner style beers to America in the mid-19th century. American pilsners[which?] today are still closer to the German style, but a traditional grist may contain up to 25% corn and/or rice. American pilsners have “significantly less flavor, hops, and bitterness than traditional European Pilsners,” according to the Beer Judge Certification Program.[14]
- West Coast-style Pilsner
- Modern iteration, light to golden color brewed with American or southern hemisphere hops, possibly dry-hopped. Developed on the West Coast of the United States. Clean and light, with more pronounced hop flavor and aroma.[15]
- Australian-style Pilsner
- Light straw to golden colour with more crisp, clean earthy taste.
See also
References
Page Template:Reflist/styles.css has no content.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jackson, Michael. "Prague: twinned with Burton-upon-Trent". The Beer Hunter. Archived from the original on 22 July 2019. Retrieved 28 April 2011.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."German Beer Institute, PILS". Archived from the original on 19 October 2011.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Traces of the Pilsen History" (in čeština). City of Plzeň. Archived from the original on 29 August 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Plzeňský Prazdroj, a. s." prazdroj.cz. Retrieved 17 October 2009.
- ^ Basařová G.: Der legendäre böhmische Brauer František Ondřej Poupě (Franz Andreas Paupie) 1753–1805. Jahrbuch 2003 Gesellschaft für die Geschichte und Bibliographie des Brauwesens e.V. (GGB), (2003) 1, 128–146.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Oxford Companion to Beer Definition of Pilsner Urquell". Craft Beer & Brewing. Archived from the original on 14 January 2026. Retrieved 12 July 2025.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."RateBeer". ratebeer.com. Archived from the original on 24 May 2018. Retrieved 16 April 2019.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Urtyp on the Craft Beer and Brewing website". Archived from the original on 31 October 2018. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
- ^ "Altbier im Alltag" by Genno Fonk, 1999, page 11
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Beck's Beer - 12pk/12 fl oz Bottles". www.target.com. Archived from the original on 15 October 2025. Retrieved 17 February 2026.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."PILSENER". VELTINS. Retrieved 17 February 2026.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Heineken bier – Pils gebrouwen door Heineken Brouwerij". biernet.nl. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."Michael Jackson's Beer Hunter – Belgium's Great Beers". beerhunter.com. Archived from the original on 24 July 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."The Differences Between Czech, German, and American Pilsners". 26 September 2017. Archived from the original on 7 August 2020. Retrieved 13 May 2020.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bernot, Kate (2 October 2023). "Writing the Rules of West Coast Pilsner (So They Can Be Broken)". Craft Beer & Brewing.
External links
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