Piritramide

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Piritramide
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Clinical data
Trade namesDipidolor
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Pregnancy
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  • No teratogenic effects in preclinical studies; but, as with other opioids it may cause reversible adverse effects in the newborn.
Routes of
administration		Oral, IM, IV
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Legal status
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Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding95%[2]
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-life4-10 hours (acute dosing), 17.4 hours (chronic dosing)
Identifiers
  • 1-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-4-(piperidin-1-yl)piperidine-4-carboxamide
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Chemical and physical data
FormulaC27H34N4O
Molar mass430.596 g·mol−1
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Data page
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Piritramide[3] (R-3365, trade names Dipidolor, Piridolan, Pirium and others) is a synthetic opioid analgesic (narcotic painkiller) that is marketed in certain European countries including: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Germany and the Netherlands.[4] It comes in free form, is about 0.75x times as potent as morphine and is given parenterally (by injection) for the treatment of severe pain.[4][5] Nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and constipation are believed to be less frequent with piritramide than with morphine (the gold standard opioid against which other opioids are compared and contrasted), and it produces more rapid-onset analgesia (pain relief) when compared to morphine and pethidine. After intravenous administration the onset of analgesia is as little as 1–2 minutes, which may be related to its great lipophilicity.[6] The analgesic and sedative effects of piritramide are believed to be potentiated with phenothiazines and its emetic (nausea/vomiting-inducing) effects are suppressed.[6] The volume of distribution is 0.7-1 L/kg after a single dose, 4.7-6 L/kg after steady-state concentrations are achieved and up to 11.1 L/kg after prolonged dosing.[6]

Piritramide was developed and patented in Belgium, at Janssen, in 1960. It is part of an eponymous two-member class of opioids in clinical use with the other being bezitramide (Burgodin). The closest chemical and structural relatives of piritramide in clinical use include the diphenoxylate family, fentanyl (both Janssen discoveries) and somewhat more distantly alphaprodine.

Not being in clinical use in the United States, it is a Schedule I Narcotic controlled substance with a DEA ACSCN of 9642 and manufacturing quota of zero.[7]

References

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  1. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in português do Brasil). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
  2. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Jage J, Laufenberg-Feldmann R, Heid F (May 2008). "[Drugs for postoperative analgesia: routine and new aspects: Part 2: opioids, ketamine and gabapentinoids]" [Drugs for postoperative analgesia: routine and new aspects: Part 2: opioids, ketamine and gabapentinoids]. Der Anaesthesist (in German). 57 (5): 491–8. doi:10.1007/s00101-008-1327-9. PMID 18409073. S2CID 195690966.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  3. ^ US Patent 3080366
  4. ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Brayfield A, ed. (23 September 2011). "Piritramide". Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference. Pharmaceutical Press. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
  5. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kay B (December 1971). "A clinical investigation of piritramide in the treatment of postoperative pain". British Journal of Anaesthesia. 43 (12): 1167–71. doi:10.1093/bja/43.12.1167. PMID 4945251. S2CID 17729725.
  6. ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."FACHINFORMATION (Zusammenfassung der Merkmale des Arzneimittels)" [PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION (Summary of Product Characteristics)] (PDF). Janssen. Janssen - Cilag Pharma GmbH. November 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 9 April 2014.
  7. ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content."DEA Diversion Control Division". Archived from the original on 2017-05-14. Retrieved 2014-05-31.

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