Psychrobacter
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Psychrobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, osmotolerant, oxidase-positive, psychrophilic or psychrotolerant, aerobic bacteria which belong to the family Moraxellaceae and the class Gammaproteobacteria.[1][2][3][4] The shape is typically cocci or coccobacilli.[5] Some of those bacteria were isolated from humans and can cause humans infections such as endocarditis and peritonitis.[6][7] This genus of bacteria is able to grow at temperatures between −10 and 42 °C.[8] Rudi Rossau found through DNA-rRNA hybridization analysis that Psychrobacter belongs to the Moraxellaceae.[9] The first species (Psychrobacter immobilis) was described by Juni and Heym.[10] Psychrobacter occur in wide range of moist, cold saline habitats,[8][11] but they also occur in warm and slightly saline habitats.[4][12]
Hypoacylated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) isolated from Psychrobacter cryohalolentis and Psychrobacter arcticus induces moderate TLR4-mediated inflammatory response in macrophages and such LPS bioactivity may potentially result in the failure of local and systemic bacterial clearance in patients.[13]
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References
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- ^ a b c Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Parte, A.C. "Psychrobacter". LPSN.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Maruyama, A.; Honda, D.; Yamamoto, H.; Kitamura, K.; Higashihara, T. (2000). "Phylogenetic analysis of psychrophilic bacteria isolated from the Japan Trench, including a description of the deep-sea species Psychrobacter pacificensis sp. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 50 (2): 835–46. doi:10.1099/00207713-50-2-835. PMID 10758895.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bozal, N. (2003). "Characterization of several Psychrobacter strains isolated from Antarctic environments and description of Psychrobacter luti sp. nov. And Psychrobacter fozii sp. nov". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53 (4): 1093–1100. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02457-0. PMID 12892132.
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Bowman, J. P. (2006). "The Genus Psychrobacter". The Prokaryotes. pp. 920–930. doi:10.1007/0-387-30746-X_35. ISBN 978-0-387-25496-8.
- ^ Psychrobacter immobilis isolated from foods: characteristics and identification Vet. Med. - Czech, 46, 2001 (4):95-100
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Elmer W. Koneman (11 January 2005). Koneman's Color Atlas and Textbook of Diagnostic Microbiology (6 ed.). Lippencott Williams & Wil. ISBN 0781730147.
- ^ ATCC
- ^ a b Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kim, S. J.; Shin, S. C.; Hong, S. G.; Lee, Y. M.; Choi, I. -G.; Park, H. (2012). "Genome Sequence of a Novel Member of the Genus Psychrobacter Isolated from Antarctic Soil". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (9): 2403. doi:10.1128/JB.00234-12. PMC 3347060. PMID 22493207.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Romanenko, L. A. (2002). "Psychrobacter submarinus sp. nov. And Psychrobacter marincola sp. nov., psychrophilic halophiles from marine environments". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 52 (4): 1291–1297. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.02087-0. PMID 12148642.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Juni, E.; Heym, G. A. (1986). "Psychrobacter immobilis gen. nov., sp. nov.: Genospecies Composed of Gram-Negative, Aerobic, Oxidase-Positive Coccobacilli". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 36 (3): 388. doi:10.1099/00207713-36-3-388.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Martin Dworkin; Stanley Falkow; Eugene Rosenberg; Karl-Heinz Schleifer; Erko Stackebrandt (2006-09-28). The Prokaryotes: Proteobacteria: Gamma Subclass: A Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria Vol. 6 (3 ed.). Springer. ISBN 038725496X.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Koki Horikoshi; Garabed Antranikian; Alan T. Bull; Frank T. Robb; Karl O. Stetter (2011). Extremophiles Handbook Vol. 1. Springer. ISBN 978-4431538974.
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Korneev, KV; Kondakova, AN; Arbatsky, NP; Novototskaya-Vlasova, KA; Rivkina, EM; Anisimov, AP; Kruglov, AA; Kuprash, DV; Nedospasov, SA; Knirel, YA; Drutskaya, MS (December 2014). "Distinct biological activity of lipopolysaccharides with different lipid A acylation status from mutant strains of Yersinia pestis and some members of genus Psychrobacter". Biochemistry. Biokhimiia. 79 (12): 1333–8. doi:10.1134/S0006297914120062. PMID 25716726. S2CID 2948187.
Further reading
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Kim, S. J.; Shin, S. C.; Hong, S. G.; Lee, Y. M.; Choi, I. -G.; Park, H. (2012). "Genome Sequence of a Novel Member of the Genus Psychrobacter Isolated from Antarctic Soil". Journal of Bacteriology. 194 (9): 2403. doi:10.1128/JB.00234-12. PMC 3347060. PMID 22493207.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Azevedo, J. S. N.; Correia, A. N.; Henriques, I. (2013). "Molecular analysis of the diversity of genusPsychrobacterpresent within a temperate estuary". FEMS Microbiology Ecology. 84 (3): 451–460. doi:10.1111/1574-6941.12075. PMID 23330979.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Koki Horikoshi; Garabed Antranikian; Alan T. Bull; Frank T. Robb; Karl O. Stetter (2011). Extremophiles Handbook Vol. 1. Springer. ISBN 978-4431538974.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.George Garrity; Don J. Brenner; Noel R. Krieg; James R. Staley (2005-06-16). Bergey's Manual® of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume 2: The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria (2 ed.). Springer. ISBN 0387241442.
- Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Isao Yumoto (2013-08-13). Cold-Adapted Microorganisms. Caister Academic Press. ISBN 978-1908230263.
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