Pyrola
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Pyrola /ˈpɪrələ/[3] is a genus of plants in the family Ericaceae native to the region spanning from the subarctic and temperate northern hemisphere to Guatemala and Sumatra.[1]
Description
Vegetative characteristics
Pyrola are erect,[4] chlorophyllous or achlorophyllous,[5] up to 35–44 cm tall herbs or subshrubs with single, glabrous stems.[4] The long, branched, slender rootstock bears fine roots.[6]
Generative characteristics
The many-flowered,[6] racemose inflorescence with 1–4 scape bracts bears pedicellate, nodding, campanulate,[4] radially symmetric[5] or slightly zygomorphic flowers.[4] The pendulous, loculicidal capsule fruit bears approximately 1000 winged, spindle-shaped seeds.[5]
Cytology
The chromosome count is n = 23, 46.[6][4]
Taxonomy
It was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.[7][1] The lectotype is Pyrola rotundifolia Template:Au[2]
Species
It has 42 accepted species:[1]
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- Pyrola alboreticulata Template:Au
- Pyrola alpina Template:Au
- Pyrola americana Template:Au
- Pyrola angustifolia Template:Au
- Pyrola aphylla Template:Au
- Pyrola asarifolia Template:Au
- Pyrola atropurpurea Template:Au
- Pyrola calliantha Template:Au
- Pyrola carpatica Template:Au
- Pyrola chlorantha Template:Au
- Pyrola chouana Template:Au
- Pyrola corbierei Template:Au
- Pyrola crypta Template:Au
- Pyrola dahurica Template:Au
- Pyrola decorata Template:Au
- Pyrola dentata Template:Au
- Pyrola elegantula Template:Au
- Pyrola elliptica Template:Au
- Pyrola faurieana Template:Au
- Pyrola forrestiana Template:Au
- Pyrola × graebneriana Template:Au
- Pyrola grandiflora Template:Au
- Pyrola japonica Template:Au
- Pyrola karakoramica Template:Au
- Pyrola macrocalyx Template:Au
- Pyrola markonica Template:Au
- Pyrola mattfeldiana Template:Au
- Pyrola media Template:Au
- Pyrola minor Template:Au
- Pyrola morrisonensis Template:Au
- Pyrola nephrophylla Template:Au
- Pyrola norvegica Template:Au
- Pyrola picta Template:Au
- Pyrola renifolia Template:Au
- Pyrola rotundifolia Template:Au
- Pyrola rugosa Template:Au
- Pyrola shanxiensis Template:Au
- Pyrola sororia Template:Au
- Pyrola subaphylla Template:Au
- Pyrola sumatrana Template:Au
- Pyrola szechuanica Template:Au
- Pyrola tschanbaischanica Template:Au
- Pyrola xinjiangensis Template:Au
Pharmacology
Pyrola elliptica, commonly known as "shinleaf", contains a drug related to aspirin, and the leaves have been used to treat bruises. Its common name derives from its use in shin casting.[8]
References
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- ^ a b c d Pyrola L. (n.d.). Plants of the World Online. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30000769-2
- ^ a b Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.). Pyrola L. Tropicos. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.tropicos.org/name/40021377
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- ^ a b c d e Luteyn, J. L., & Pedraza-Peñalosa, P. (n.d.). PYROLA. New York Botanical Garden. Retrieved March 13, 2026, from https://www.nybg.org/bsci/res/lut2/pyrola.html
- ^ a b c Pyrola in Flora of North America @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2026, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=127777
- ^ a b c Pyrola in Flora of China @ efloras.org. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13, 2026, from http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=127777
- ^ Linné, Carl von, & Salvius, Lars. (1753). Caroli Linnaei ... Species plantarum :exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas... (Vol. 1, p. 396). Impensis Laurentii Salvii. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358415
- ^ Page Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css has no content.Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) [1979]. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 723. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.
External links
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